International environmental organizations play a pivotal role in monitoring, agenda setting and capacity development of a global environmental regime. United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) since its inception in 1972 has established itself as an anchor institution for all activities relating to environmental protection. It performs the multifarious task in partnership with diverse groups, including specialized agencies of the United Nations, governments, Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), businesses, industry, the media and civil society. The mission of the programme is to inspire and support nations and communities to improve their quality of life, without compromising that of future generations. The article engages with the theoretical debate on the role of UNEP facilitating as a central platform for all global activities of environmental protection. It provides an overview of its structure, functions and the contribution of UNEP in the protection of the natural environment. Further, it also focuses on current debate regarding the establishment of the United Nations Environmental Organization (UNEO) with an insight into the current status of UNEP.