Department Of Pharmacology

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Browsing Department Of Pharmacology by Author "Amanat, Muhammed"

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    Acute toxicity assessment of methanolic extract of Zingiber roseum (Roscoe.) rhizome in swiss albino mice
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023-03-25T00:00:00) Amanat, Muhammed; Shahid Ud Daula, A.F.M.; Singh, Randhir
    Introduction: The rhizomes of Zingiber roseum plant have been used in traditional medicine to treat several ailments. Regardless of worth, no research has accounted its toxicity potential. So, the study was designed to determine safety and toxicity potential of Zingiber roseum rhizomes (ZRR) in acute oral toxicity model in swiss albino mice. Methods: Acute oral toxicity was assessed as per the guidelines of �The Brazilian Agency of National Health Surveillance'. In an acute toxicity investigation, 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, and 1200 mg/kg of ZRR extract was orally administered to mice. Thereafter, the animals were monitored for 14 days. To analyze any potential toxicity, general behavior of animals, clinical symptoms of poisoning, body weight, biochemical and hematological marker, and liver histology was carried out. Results: Oral dosing of 300, 600, and 1200 mg/kg of crude extract did not produce mortality or any adverse effect in the laboratory animals. The control and treatment groups of mice exhibited similar behavioral characteristics, neurological signs and total body weight during the treatment period of 14 days. The markers of liver damage i.e., ALT and AST, total serum protein, and albumin did not show any significant change between extract-treated and control mice. The extracts also significantly suppressed ALP activity as compared to control. Kidney function was assessed in mice by measuring creatinine and urea level and no change was observed in level of creatinine and urea in experimental animals. Moreover, no alterations were observed in hematological markers and lipid profile (triglyceride and total cholesterol level). In addition, the liver showed normal architecture and no significant adverse consequences on histopathology analysis. Discussion & conclusion: These outcomes propose that LD50 of rhizomes of Z. roseum is higher than 1200 mg/kg b.w. and might be possibly safe for consumption. � 2023 The Author(s)
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    Management of Chemotherapy Induced Nausea Vomiting (CINV) in Breast Cancer Patients: An Imperative Factor in Patient Compliance
    (Elsevier Inc., 2023-05-11T00:00:00) Gautam, Swati; Sharma, Krishan Kant; Amanat, Muhammed
    Surgery combined with radiation therapy, with or without systemic chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and antihuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 targeted therapy, is the standard of care for treating breast cancer. Patients with a range of early- and end-stage breast cancer malignancies may experience chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), which is a frequent side effect. Different routes and neurotransmitters are in charge of controlling various types of CINV, including acute, delayed, anticipatory, breakthrough, and refractory. Breast cancer patients' quality of life may be impacted by CINV symptoms because they may have physical, dietary, and metabolic abnormalities. From a healthcare standpoint, this is difficult because a decline in quality of life (QoL) may prompt patients to stop receiving chemotherapy in the future, which could affect their overall prognosis. To minimize morbidity and overall healthcare expenses for patients receiving emetogenic chemotherapy, CINV must be minimized. On the consequences of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting on the QoL of breast cancer patients, little study has been undertaken. Despite the widespread use of several grading systems, many antiemetic medications are still required to treat CINV successfully. Oncologists must actively manage CINV since it is a serious problem that necessitates both prevention and therapy. The goal of treating CINV is to prevent the clinical, QOL, and financial concerns that emerge from poorly managed CINV. Healthcare professionals and pharmacists can be prepared to adopt the most effective prevention and treatment strategies with updated antiemetic procedures and novel antiemetic medicines. In the current study, we have reviewed the background of CINV, its pathogenesis, risk factors, current recommendations, and therapeutic strategies, including an antiemetic regimen, with a focus on its manifestations in breast cancer chemotherapy. � 2023 Association for Radiologic & Imaging Nursing
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    Treatment of diabetic complications: do flavonoids holds the keys?
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023-07-12T00:00:00) Chalotra, Rishabh; Gupta, Tanya; Chib, Shivani; Amanat, Muhammed; Kumar, Puneet; Singh, Randhir
    Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrinological disorder in which blood sugar levels get elevated and if unmanaged, it leads to several critical complications. Existing therapies or drugs are not able to attain absolute control of DM. Moreover, associated side/adverse effects associated with pharmacotherapy further worsen the Quality of life of patients. Present review is focused on therapeutical potential of flavonoids in management of diabetes and diabetic complications. Plenteous literature has established significant potential of flavonoids in the treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications. A number of flavonoids are found to be effective in treatment of not only diabetes but progression of diabetic complication was also found to be attenuated with the use of flavonoids. Moreover, SAR studies of some flavonoids also indicated the that efficacy of flavonoids is increased with a change in functional group of flavonoids in the treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications. A number of clinical trials are into action to investigate the therapeutic potential of flavonoids as first-line drugs or as adjuvants for treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications. Owing to their diverse mechanism of action, efficacy and safety, flavonoids may be conscripted as potential candidate for treatment of diabetic complications. � 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Unveiling the Anthelminthic Potential of Merremia vitifolia Stem through in Vitro and in Silico Approach
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023-09-16T00:00:00) Islam, Fakhrul; Islam, Mohammad Shariful; Ahmed, Kawser; Amanat, Muhammed
    This study aimed to assess the anthelmintic activity of methanol extracts from Merremia vitifolia stems using a combination approach encompassing experimental, in vitro, and in silico evaluations. Despite the well-recognized pharmacological properties of M. vitifolia, its potential as an anthelmintic agent remained unexplored. This plant's anthelmintic potential was assessed on adult earthworms (Pheretima posthuma), revealing a dose-dependent reduction in spontaneous motility leading to paralysis and eventual mortality. The most effective dose of M. vitifolia (200 mg/ml) for anthelmintic effects on Pheretima posthuma was identified. Complementary in silico investigations were also conducted, employing Autodock PyRx 0.8 for docking studies of reported M. vitifolia compounds. Notably, quercetin emerged as a promising candidate with superior binding energies against ?-tubulin (?8.3 Kcal/mol). Moreover, this comprehensive research underlines the anthelmintic potential of Merremia vitifolia stem extract and highlights quercetin as a noteworthy compound for further investigation in the quest for novel anthelmintic agents. � 2023 Wiley-VHCA AG, Zurich, Switzerland.
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    Zingiber roseum Roscoe. (Zingiberaceae): Current and future perspective
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023-05-07T00:00:00) Amanat, Muhammed; Gautam, Swati; Chalotra, Rishabh; Lal, Kanhaiya; Gupta, Tanya; Agrawal, Rohini; Mojwar, Somdutt; Singh, Randhir
    Introduction: A perennial, aromatic, tuberose plant Zingiber roseum (Roscoe.) (Zingiberaceae), flourishes in tropical and subtropical climates. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, several pharmacological properties of Zingiber roseum have been reported its antiseptic, antivertigo, and antidiarrheal activities. Therefore, the present article aims to provide insights into the ethnomedicinal, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Zingiber roseum. Methods: The literature was compelled after systematically searching scientific databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate. The selection criteria for the plant comprised the therapeutic potential of Zingiber roseum and its active components. Moreover, to explore anti-diabetic activity, ligands of interest from Z. roseum were evaluated for their affinity towards PPAR-? and PPAR-?. Results and discussions: Out of 200 articles, 140 were selected for the current study, and from the para-topic literature, it was found that Zingiber roseum has numerous pharmacological properties due to the presence of phytoconstituents like flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic chemicals, terpenoids, saponins, and phytosterols. Furthermore, in silico studies were carried out using PyRx. It was found that rosmarinic acid (-8.3 kcal/mol) and stigmasterol (-11.12 kcal/mol) exhibited the highest binding affinities for PPAR-? and PPAR-?, respectively, when compared to standard Rosiglitazone. Conclusion: It may be concluded that Z. roseum has several therapeutic activities. Moreover, in silico studies revealed the anti-diabetic action of Z. roseum via modulation of PPAR-? and PPAR-?. � 2023 The Author(s)