Browsing by Author "Bhatia, Shashi Kant"

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    Microorganisms: A potential source of bioactive molecules for antioxidant applications
    (MDPI AG, 2021-02-22T00:00:00) Rani, Alka; Saini, Khem Chand; Bast, Felix; Mehariya, Sanjeet; Bhatia, Shashi Kant; Lavecchia, Roberto; Zuorro, Antonio
    Oxidative stress originates from an elevated intracellular level of free oxygen radicals that cause lipid peroxidation, protein denaturation, DNA hydroxylation, and apoptosis, ultimately impairing cell viability. Antioxidants scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which further helps to prevent cellular damage. Medicinal plants, fruits, and spices are the primary sources of antioxidants from time immemorial. In contrast to plants, microorganisms can be used as a source of antioxidants with the advantage of fast growth under controlled conditions. Further, microbe-based antioxidants are nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, and biodegradable as compared to synthetic antioxidants. The present review aims to summarize the current state of the research on the antioxidant activity of microorganisms including actinomycetes, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, microalgae, and yeast, which produce a variety of antioxidant compounds, i.e., carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamins, and sterol, etc. Special emphasis is given to the mechanisms and signaling pathways followed by antioxidants to scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), especially for those antioxidant compounds that have been scarcely investigated so far. � 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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    Microorganisms: A potential source of bioactive molecules for antioxidant applications
    (MDPI AG, 2021-02-22T00:00:00) Rani, Alka; Saini, Khem Chand; Bast, Felix; Mehariya, Sanjeet; Bhatia, Shashi Kant; Lavecchia, Roberto; Zuorro, Antonio
    Oxidative stress originates from an elevated intracellular level of free oxygen radicals that cause lipid peroxidation, protein denaturation, DNA hydroxylation, and apoptosis, ultimately impairing cell viability. Antioxidants scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress, which further helps to prevent cellular damage. Medicinal plants, fruits, and spices are the primary sources of antioxidants from time immemorial. In contrast to plants, microorganisms can be used as a source of antioxidants with the advantage of fast growth under controlled conditions. Further, microbe-based antioxidants are nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, and biodegradable as compared to synthetic antioxidants. The present review aims to summarize the current state of the research on the antioxidant activity of microorganisms including actinomycetes, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, microalgae, and yeast, which produce a variety of antioxidant compounds, i.e., carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamins, and sterol, etc. Special emphasis is given to the mechanisms and signaling pathways followed by antioxidants to scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), especially for those antioxidant compounds that have been scarcely investigated so far. � 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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    A review on microbial products and their perspective application as antimicrobial agents
    (MDPI, 2021-12-13T00:00:00) Rani, Alka; Saini, Khem Chand; Bast, Felix; Varjani, Sunita; Mehariya, Sanjeet; Bhatia, Shashi Kant; Sharma, Neeta; Funk, Christiane
    Microorganisms including actinomycetes, archaea, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and microalgae are an auspicious source of vital bioactive compounds. In this review, the existing research regard-ing antimicrobial molecules from microorganisms is summarized. The potential antimicrobial compounds from actinomycetes, particularly Streptomyces spp.; archaea; fungi including endophytic, filamentous, and marine-derived fungi, mushroom; and microalgae are briefly described. Further-more, this review briefly summarizes bacteriocins, halocins, sulfolobicin, etc., that target multiple-drug resistant pathogens and considers next-generation antibiotics. This review highlights the pos-sibility of using microorganisms as an antimicrobial resource for biotechnological, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications. However, more investigations are required to isolate, separate, purify, and characterize these bioactive compounds and transfer these primary drugs into clinically approved antibiotics. � 2021 by the authors. Li-censee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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    A review on microbial products and their perspective application as antimicrobial agents
    (MDPI, 2021-12-13T00:00:00) Rani, Alka; Saini, Khem Chand; Bast, Felix; Varjani, Sunita; Mehariya, Sanjeet; Bhatia, Shashi Kant; Sharma, Neeta; Funk, Christiane
    Microorganisms including actinomycetes, archaea, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and microalgae are an auspicious source of vital bioactive compounds. In this review, the existing research regard-ing antimicrobial molecules from microorganisms is summarized. The potential antimicrobial compounds from actinomycetes, particularly Streptomyces spp.; archaea; fungi including endophytic, filamentous, and marine-derived fungi, mushroom; and microalgae are briefly described. Further-more, this review briefly summarizes bacteriocins, halocins, sulfolobicin, etc., that target multiple-drug resistant pathogens and considers next-generation antibiotics. This review highlights the pos-sibility of using microorganisms as an antimicrobial resource for biotechnological, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications. However, more investigations are required to isolate, separate, purify, and characterize these bioactive compounds and transfer these primary drugs into clinically approved antibiotics. � 2021 by the authors. Li-censee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.