Browsing by Author "Kumar, Mandeep"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Natural Products as an Alternative Therapy for Brain Tumors: From Bench To Bedside
    (Springer Singapore, 2022-09-28T00:00:00) Kumar, Sachin; Kumar, Mandeep; Bijalwan, Anjali; Sharma, Shubham; Kumar, Puneet
    Incremental elevation in the trends of a brain tumor in recent years accounts for 5% adult population, whereas the number exceeds 70% in the case of children. Evidence reveals an eventual metastasize of 20%-30% of malignant tumors to the brain�s different regions. Compression in the brain tissue and elevated intracranial pressure mediated by benign and malignant tumors contributed to severe consequences like the central nervous system (CNS) damage or even imperil the patient�s life. Despite multiple therapeutic strategies in the market, none of the drugs are fully effective and safe. Strategic advancement indicates chemotherapy as a treatment of choice for critical conditions like brain tumors, but the chemotherapy drugs toxicity is still a major therapeutic hurdle. Plants and their derived natural products are one of the most emerging targets to strike against brain tumors. Analogs of several natural products are already demonstrated as antitumor in nature, and day by day, advancements unfold various other plant and plant derivatives having such antitumor activity. This chapter aims to underline and emphasize the antitumor agents, which can target brain tumors procured from the natural origin such as natural products and their analogs. The available data on different plants and isolated compounds of natural origin used to reduce and arrest brain tumors is also discussed here. � Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Opportunities and challenges in application of artificial intelligence in pharmacology
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-01-09T00:00:00) Kumar, Mandeep; Nguyen, T. P. Nhung; Kaur, Jasleen; Singh, Thakur Gurjeet; Soni, Divya; Singh, Randhir; Kumar, Puneet
    Artificial intelligence (AI) is a machine science that can mimic human behaviour like intelligent analysis of data. AI functions with specialized algorithms and integrates with deep and machine learning. Living in the digital world can generate a huge amount of medical data every day. Therefore, we need an automated and reliable evaluation tool that can make decisions more accurately and faster. Machine learning has the potential to learn, understand and analyse the data used in healthcare systems. In the last few years, AI is known to be employed in various fields in pharmaceutical science especially in pharmacological research. It helps in the analysis of preclinical (laboratory animals) and clinical (in human) trial data. AI also plays important role in various processes such as drug discovery/manufacturing, diagnosis of big data for disease identification, personalized treatment, clinical trial research, radiotherapy, surgical robotics, smart electronic health records, and epidemic outbreak prediction. Moreover, AI has been used in the evaluation of biomarkers and diseases. In this review, we explain various models and general processes of machine learning and their role in pharmacological science. Therefore, AI with deep learning and machine learning could be relevant in pharmacological research. � 2023, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    An Overview of the Pathophysiological Mechanisms of 3-Nitropropionic Acid (3-NPA) as a Neurotoxin in a Huntington's Disease Model and Its Relevance to Drug Discovery and Development
    (Springer, 2023-02-04T00:00:00) Upadhayay, Shubham; Yedke, Narhari Gangaram; Rahi, Vikrant; Singh, Surbhi; Kumar, Sachin; Arora, Anchal; Chandolia, Priyanka; Kaur, Prabhsharan; Kumar, Mandeep; Koshal, Prashant; Jamwal, Sumit; Kumar, Puneet
    Animal models are used to better understand the various mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of diseases and explore potential pathways that will aid in discovering therapeutic targets. 3-Nitropropionic Acid (3-NPA) is a neurotoxin used to induce Huntington's disease (HD)-like symptoms in experimental animals. The 3-NPA is a fungus toxin that impairs the complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) activity of the mitochondria and reduces ATP synthesis, leading to excessive production of free radicals resulting in the degeneration of GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum. This is characterized by motor impairments a key clinical manifestation of HD. 3-NPA has the potential to alter several cellular processes, including mitochondrial functions, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation mimicking HD-like pathogenic conditions in animals. This review strives to provide a new insight towards the 3-NPA induced molecular dysfunctioning in developing an animal model of HD. Moreover, we summarise several preclinical studies that support the use of the 3-NPA-induced models for drug discovery and development in HD. This review is a collection of various articles that were published from 1977 to 2022 on Pubmed (1639), Web of Science (2139), and Scopus (2681), which are related to the 3-NPA induced animal model. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Role of vitamins and minerals as immunity boosters in COVID-19
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021-06-10T00:00:00) Kumar, Puneet; Kumar, Mandeep; Bedi, Onkar; Gupta, Manisha; Kumar, Sachin; Jaiswal, Gagandeep; Rahi, Vikrant; Yedke, Narhari Gangaram; Bijalwan, Anjali; Sharma, Shubham; Jamwal, Sumit
    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19), emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. On March 11, 2020, it was declared a global pandemic. As the world grapples with COVID-19 and the paucity of clinically meaningful therapies, attention has been shifted to modalities that may aid in immune system strengthening. Taking into consideration that the COVID-19 infection strongly affects the immune system via multiple inflammatory responses, pharmaceutical companies are working to develop targeted drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19. A balanced nutritional diet may play an essential role in maintaining general wellbeing by controlling chronic infectious diseases. A balanced diet including vitamin A, B, C, D, E, and K, and some micronutrients such as zinc, sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and phosphorus may be beneficial in various infectious diseases. This study aimed to discuss and present recent data regarding the role of vitamins and minerals in the treatment of COVID-19. A deficiency of these vitamins and minerals in the plasma concentration may lead to a reduction in the good performance of the immune system, which is one of the constituents that lead to a poor immune state. This is a narrative review concerning the features of the COVID-19 and data related to the usage of vitamins and minerals as preventive measures to decrease the morbidity and mortality rate in patients with COVID-19. � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.