Browsing by Author "Kumar, Vijay"

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Advancements in the development of multi-target directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-04-05T00:00:00) Kumar, Naveen; Kumar, Vijay; Anand, Piyush; Kumar, Vinay; Ranjan Dwivedi, Ashish; Kumar, Vinod
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial irreversible neurological disorder which results in cognitive impairment, loss of cholinergic neurons in synapses of the basal forebrain and neuronal death. Exact pathology of the disease is not yet known however, many hypotheses have been proposed for its treatment. The available treatments including monotherapies and combination therapies are not able to combat the disease effectively because of its complex pathological mechanism. A multipotent drug for AD has the potential to bind or inhibit multiple targets responsible for the progression of the disease like aggregated A?, hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, cholinergic and adrenergic receptors, MAO enzymes, overactivated N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), ?-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor etc. The traditional approach of one disease-one target-one drug has been rationalized to one drug-multi targets for the chronic diseases like AD and cancer. Thus, over the last decade research focus has been shifted towards the development of multi target directed ligands (MTDLs) which can simultaneously inhibit multiple targets and stop or slow the progression of the disease. The MTDLs can be more effective against AD and eliminate any possibility of drug-drug interactions. Many important active pharmacophore units have been fused, merged or incorporated into different scaffolds to synthesize new potent drugs. In the current article, we have described various hypothesis for AD and effectiveness of the MTDLs treatment strategy is discussed in detail. Different chemical scaffolds and their synthetic strategies have been described and important functionalities are identified in the chemical scaffold that have the potential to bind to the multiple targets. The important leads identified in this study with MTDL characteristics have the potential to be developed as drug candidates for the effective treatment of AD. � 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Benzotriazole Substituted 2-Phenylquinazolines as Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Screening, Antiproliferative and Tubulin Polymerization Inhibition Activity
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2022-10-28T00:00:00) Dwivedi, Ashish Ranjan; Rawat, Suraj Singh; Kumar, Vijay; Kumar, Naveen; Kumar, Vinay; Yadav, Ravi Prakash; Baranwal, Somesh; Prasad, Amit; Kumar, Vinod
Aims: Development of anticancer agents targeting tubulin protein. Background: Tubulin protein is being explored as an important target for anticancer drug development. Ligands binding to the colchicine binding site of the tubulin protein act as tubulin polymerization inhibitors and arrest the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Objective: Synthesis and screening of benzotriazole-substituted 2-phenyl quinazolines as potential anticancer agents. Methods: A series of benzotriazole-substituted quinazoline derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated against human MCF-7 (breast), HeLa (cervical) and HT-29 (colon) cancer cell lines using standard MTT assays. Results: ARV-2 with IC50 values of 3.16 �M, 5.31 �M, 10.6 �M against MCF-7, HELA and HT29 cell lines, respectively displayed the most potent antiproliferative activities in the series while all the compounds were found non-toxic against HEK293 (normal cells). In the mechanistic studies involving cell cycle analysis, apoptosis assay and JC-1 studies, ARV-2 and ARV-3 were found to induce mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Conclusion: The benzotriazole-substituted 2-phenyl quinazolines have the potential to be developed as potent anticancer agents. � 2023 Bentham Science Publishers.
Benzotriazole Substituted 2-Phenylquinazolines as Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Screening, Antiproliferative and Tubulin Polymerization Inhibition Activity
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2022-10-28T00:00:00) Dwivedi, Ashish Ranjan; Rawat, Suraj Singh; Kumar, Vijay; Kumar, Naveen; Kumar, Vinay; Yadav, Ravi Prakash; Baranwal, Somesh; Prasad, Amit; Kumar, Vinod
Aims: Development of anticancer agents targeting tubulin protein. Background: Tubulin protein is being explored as an important target for anticancer drug development. Ligands binding to the colchicine binding site of the tubulin protein act as tubulin polymerization inhibitors and arrest the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Objective: Synthesis and screening of benzotriazole-substituted 2-phenyl quinazolines as potential anticancer agents. Methods: A series of benzotriazole-substituted quinazoline derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated against human MCF-7 (breast), HeLa (cervical) and HT-29 (colon) cancer cell lines using standard MTT assays. Results: ARV-2 with IC50 values of 3.16 �M, 5.31 �M, 10.6 �M against MCF-7, HELA and HT29 cell lines, respectively displayed the most potent antiproliferative activities in the series while all the compounds were found non-toxic against HEK293 (normal cells). In the mechanistic studies involving cell cycle analysis, apoptosis assay and JC-1 studies, ARV-2 and ARV-3 were found to induce mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Conclusion: The benzotriazole-substituted 2-phenyl quinazolines have the potential to be developed as potent anticancer agents. � 2023 Bentham Science Publishers.
Biodegradation of monocrotophos by indigenous soil bacterial isolates in the presence of humic acid, Fe (III) and Cu (II) ions
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021-07-20T00:00:00) Singh, Simranjeet; Singh, Joginder; Ramamurthy, Praveen C.; Kumar, Vijay; Bhardwaj, Sonali; Garg, Vinod Kumar
Three bacteria, namely Streptomyces sp. MCP1, Rhizobium leguminosarum MCP2 and Bacillus subtilis MCP3, isolated from an arable field, have been used for the biodegradation of monocrotophos (MCP). The bacterial strains were characterized based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence. MCP was subjected to biological degradation in two ways, i.e., with or without using Fe(III), Cu(II), and humic acid (HA). The isolates were capable of degrading MCP in an order: MCP2 (Bacillus subtilis) > MCP1 (Streptomyces sp.) > MCP3 (Rhizobium leguminosarum). With the application of Cu(II) and Fe(III), the biodegradation of MCP was from 83 to 92% and 78 to 87%, respectively. Altogether, under different conditions, the order of inhibition of MCP biodegradation was apparently as HA > Fe(III) > Cu(II). Mass spectrometric and UV�visible spectrophotometric results showed that MCP biodegradation's only pathway included major intermediatory metabolites (E) 4-amino-4-oxobut-2-en-2-yl dimethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, methyl hydrogen phosphate and phosphonate. � 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Caesium carbonate promoted regioselective O-functionalization of 4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2(1H)-ones under mild conditions and mechanistic insight
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023-06-05T00:00:00) Kumar, Vijay; Singh, Praval Pratap; Dwivedi, Ashish Ranjan; Kumar, Naveen; Rakesh kumar, None; Chandra Sahoo, Subash; Chakraborty, Sudip; Kumar, Vinod
A facile one-step catalyst free methodology has been developed for the regioselective functionalization of 4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2(1H)-ones under mild conditions. Selectivity towards the O-regioisomer was achieved by using Cs2CO3 in DMF without use of any coupling reagents. A total of 14 regioselective O-alkylated 4,6-diphenylpyrimidines were synthesized in 81-91% yield. In the DFT studies it was observed that the transition state for the formation of the O-regioisomer is more favourable with Cs2CO3 as compared to K2CO3. Furthermore, this methodology was extended to increase the O/N ratio for the alkylation of 2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives. � 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Design, synthesis and evaluation of 4-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole substituted pyrimidine derivatives as antiproliferative and tubulin polymerization inhibitors
(Elsevier B.V., 2022-06-26T00:00:00) Dwivedi, Ashish Ranjan; Kumar, Vijay; Yadav, Ravi Prakash; Kumar, Naveen; Jangid, Kailash; Anand, Piyush; Sharma, Deepak Kumar; Barnawal, Somesh; Kumar, Vinod
Ligands binding to the colchicine domain of the tubulin protein act as tubulin polymerization inhibitors and arrest the cell cycle in G2/M phase. A series of 4-Phenyl-1,2,3-triazole substituted pyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative and antitubulin activities. In the series, AV-6 and AV-14 were found to be active against the three tested cancer cell lines wherein AV-6 displayed IC50 values of 1.2 �M, 5.5 �M, and 1.9 �M while AV-14 displayed IC50 values of 4.7 �M, 1.7 �M, and 1.4 �M against HCT-116, MCF-7 and HT-29 cell lines, respectively. These compounds were found to be non toxic to the normal cells (HEK-293). In the cell cycle analysis and JC-1 studies, these compounds induce mitocondria mediated apoptosis. In the tubulin polymerization inhibition studies, AV-6 displayed significant tubulin polymerization inhibition potential. In the molecular docking and simulation studies, these compounds fit well in the active site of colchicine. � 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of N-Propargylated Diphenylpyrimidines as Multitarget Directed Ligands for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
(American Chemical Society, 2022-07-07T00:00:00) Kumar, Bhupinder; Dwivedi, Ashish Ranjan; Arora, Tania; Raj, Khadga; Prashar, Vikash; Kumar, Vijay; Singh, Shamsher; Prakash, Jyoti; Kumar, Vinod
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a multifactorial complex neural disorder, is categorized with progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment as main clinical features. The multitarget directed ligand (MTDL) strategy is explored for the treatment of multifactorial diseases such as cancer and AD. Herein, we report the synthesis and screening of 24 N-propargyl-substituted diphenylpyrimidine derivatives as MTDLs against acetylcholine/butyrylcholine esterases and monoamine oxidase enzymes. In this series, VP1 showed the most potent MAO-B inhibitory activity with an IC50value of 0.04 � 0.002 ?M. VP15 with an IC50value of 0.04 � 0.003 ?M and a selectivity index of 626 (over BuChE) displayed the most potent AChE inhibitory activity in this series. In the reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibition studies, VP1 reduced intercellular ROS levels in SH-SY5Y cells by 36%. This series of compounds also exhibited potent neuroprotective potential against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced neuronal damage in SH-SY5Y cells with up to 90% recovery. In the in vivo studies in the rats, the hydrochloride salt of VP15 was orally administered and found to cross the blood-brain barrier and reach the target site. VP15�HCl significantly attenuated the spatial memory impairment and improved the cognitive deficits in the mice. This series of compounds were found to be irreversible inhibitors and showed no cytotoxicity against neuronal cells. In in silico studies, the compounds attained thermodynamically stable orientation with complete occupancy at the active site of the receptors. Thus, N-propargyl-substituted diphenylpyrimidines displayed drug-like characteristics and have the potential to be developed as MTDLs for the effective treatment of AD. � 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Electrolytes for Li-Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors
(CRC Press, 2021-09-06T00:00:00) Arya, Anil; Pandey, Lokesh; Gaur, Anurag; Kumar, Vijay; Sharma, A.L.
This chapter is dedicated to the electrolyte that is a crucial component of any device. Electrolyte plays a dual role in the device, acts as a carpet for electrolyte ions, and also separates the electrodes to avoid short-circuiting or explosion. Initially, the characteristics parameter and selection criteria for the electrolyte will be discussed. Then, the organic electrolytes have been discussed followed by a focus on emerging novel gel/solid polymer electrolytes for application in battery and supercapacitor. The performance of the battery and supercapacitor is shown for different electrolytes. � 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Fundamentals of Batteries and Supercapacitors: An Overview
(CRC Press, 2021-09-06T00:00:00) Arya, Anil; Gaur, Anurag; Sharma, A.L.; Kumar, Vijay
Energy plays an important role in daily human life and is the basic need in the present scenario. Nowadays, the development of energy sources is linked with the development of human civilization. The high energy density and high power density energy devices are on the radar of the research community. Batteries and supercapacitors (SCs) are two potential energy storage devices dominating the energy sector all over the world. This chapter starts with a focus on energy technologies and storage needs. Then, fundamentals of electrochemistry have been discussed followed by the working principle of battery and SC, and how energy is stored. Different types of batteries and SCs are discussed with their charge storage mechanisms. At last, important performance parameter and their influence on the overall device and its performance is presented. � 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
High efficient carbon coated TiO2electrode for ultra-capacitor applications
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2021-10-08T00:00:00) Tanwar, Shweta; Arya, Anil; Singh, Nirbhay; Yadav, Bal Chandra; Kumar, Vijay; Rai, Atma; Sharma, A.L.
The present paper reports the investigation of structural, optical, chemical bonding, and electrical properties of the carbon black (CB)/TiO2 composite synthesized via the standard sol-gel method. The structural and morphological properties have been investigated using x-ray diffraction and also field emission scanning electron microscopy to confirm the formation of the nanocomposite. The electrochemical performance of the two-electrode symmetric fabricated supercapacitor (SC) has been examined by complex impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD). The electrode CT15 (15% TiO2 in CB matrix) shows a high specific capacitance of 236 F g-1 at scan rate 10 mV s-1. The GCD illustrates good specific capacitance retention of 90.3% after 10 000 cycles and with energy density and power density values as 22 Wh kg-1 and 625 kW kg-1 respectively (at 1 A g-1) in the voltage window of 1.2 V. The CT15 electrode cell demonstrates superior electrochemical performance as compared to other electrodes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrates the capacitive behaviour of the composite electrode with a low value of resistance. The SC cell having optimum performance has been chosen to demonstrate the glowing red light emitting diode. A mechanism has also been proposed based on received data parameters to validate the SC performance. � 2021 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Identification of 1,3,4-oxadiazoles as tubulin-targeted anticancer agents: a combined field-based 3D-QSAR, pharmacophore model-based virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and density functional theory calculation approach
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023-09-11T00:00:00) Das, Agnidipta; Sarangi, Manaswini; Jangid, Kailash; Kumar, Vijay; Kumar, Amit; Singh, Praval Pratap; Kaur, Kamalpreet; Kumar, Vinod; Chakraborty, Sudip; Jaitak, Vikas
Cancer is one of the most prominent causes of death worldwide and tubulin is a crucial protein of cytoskeleton that maintains essential cellular functions including cell division as well as cell signalling, that makes an attractive drug target for cancer drug development. 1,3,4-oxadiazoles disrupt microtubule causing G2-M phase cell cycle arrest and provide anti-proliferative effect. In this study, field-based 3D-QSAR models were developed using 62 bioactive anti-tubulin 1,3,4-oxadiazoles. The best model characterized by PLS factor 7 was rigorously validated using various statistical parameters. Generated 3D-QSAR model having high degree of confidence showed favourable and unfavourable contours around 1,3,4-oxadiazole core that assisted in defining proper spatial positioning of desired functional groups for better bioactivity. A five featured pharmacophore model (AAHHR_1) was developed using same ligand library and validated through enrichment analysis (BEDROC160.9 value = 0.59, Average EF 1% = 27.05, and AUC = 0.74). Total 30,212 derivatives of 1,3,4-oxadiazole obtained from PubChem database was prefiltered through validated pharmacophore model and docked in XP mode on binding cavity of tubulin protein (PDB code: 1SA0) which led into the identification of 11 HITs having docking scores between ?7.530 and ?9.719 kcal/mol while the reference compound Colchicine exerted docking score of ?7.046 kcal/mol. Following the analysis of MM-GBSA and ADME studies, HIT1 and HIT4 emerged as the two promising hits. To verify their thermodynamic stability at the target site, molecular dynamic simulations were carried out. Both HITs were further subjected to DFT analysis to determine their HOMO-LUMO energy gap for ensuring their biological feasibility. Finally, molecular docking based structural exploration for 1,3,4-oxadiazoles to set up a lead of Formula I for further advancements of tubulin polymerization inhibitors as anti-cancer agents. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma. � 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Investigation of Indole-3-piperazinyl Derivatives as Potential Antidepressants: Design, Synthesis, In-Vitro, In-Vivo and In-Silico Analysis
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021-11-03T00:00:00) Kumar, Ravi R.; Kumar, Vijay; Kaur, Dilpreet; Nandi, Nilay K.; Dwivedi, Ashish R.; Kumar, Vinod; Kumar, Bhupinder
Depression is declared the second leading cause of disability worldwide. Recently, cases of depression have increased significantly in adolescents, young adults as well as in elder population. Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) is considered one of the major targets for the treatment of depression. In the current study, we have designed and synthesized various indole functionalized piperazinyl derivatives and evaluated them for in vitro MAO-A inhibitory activity and in vivo antidepressant-like activity. Most of the compounds were found to possess potent MAO-A inhibitory activity with IC50 values in the sub-micromolar range along with significant selectivity over MAO-B. Compounds RP1 and RP9 emerged as the most promising reversible MAO-A inhibitors with IC50 values of 0.11�0.03 ?M and 0.14�0.02 ?M and displayed selectivity of 193 folds and 178 folds over Monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B), respectively. In the series, RP1 showed good intracellular ROS inhibitory activity along with neuroprotective properties. These compounds were found nontoxic against SH-SY5Y cells and explored antidepressant activities. In the in vivo Forced swimming test (FST) and Tail suspension test (TST) studies, RP1 exhibited potential antidepressant-like behavior similar to standard drug fluoxetine while compound RP9 showed antidepressant-like activity only in the TST studies. The molecular docking and dynamics studies further supported the results obtained in the in vitro and in vivo studies. Thus, the indole functionalized piperazinyl derivatives were found to be promising ligands and can be developed as new antidepressant molecules. � 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH
Mesoporous carbon/titanium dioxide composite as an electrode for symmetric/asymmetric solid?state supercapacitors
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-08-27T00:00:00) Arya, Anil; Iqbal, Muzahir; Tanwar, Shweta; Sharma, Annu; Sharma, A.L.; Kumar, Vijay
This paper reports the successful synthesis of mesoporous carbon/titanium dioxide (MC/TiO2) composite electrodes via the hydrothermal method for supercapacitor (SC) applications. The morphology and structural properties of MC/TiO2 composites were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The electrochemical properties were recorded by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) with an electrolyte (6 M KOH) in symmetric/asymmetric configuration. The specific capacitance (Cs) evaluated by CV is about 280F/g for composite electrode (95 % capacitance retention after 1000 cycles) and pristine has 150F/g @ 10 mV/s. Enhancement in capacitance is owing to faster charge dynamics within electrode material. The fabricated asymmetric device demonstrates high energy density (30.31 Wh/kg), than the symmetric configuration (?27 Wh/kg). Finally, both symmetric/asymmetric supercapacitors have illuminated a red LED, and strengthens the candidature of composite electrode for energy storage technology. � 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Morpholine substituted quinazoline derivatives as anticancer agents against MCF-7, A549 and SHSY-5Y cancer cell lines and mechanistic studies
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022-04-05T00:00:00) Dwivedi, Ashish Ranjan; Kumar, Vijay; Prashar, Vikash; Verma, Akash; Kumar, Naveen; Parkash, Jyoti; Kumar, Vinod
A series of morpholine substituted quinazoline derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for cytotoxic potential against A549, MCF-7 and SHSY-5Y cancer cell lines. These compounds were found to be non-toxic against HEK293 cells at 25 ?M and hence display anticancer potential. In these series compounds, AK-3 and AK-10 displayed significant cytotoxic activity against all the three cell lines. AK-3 displayed IC50 values of 10.38 � 0.27 ?M, 6.44 � 0.29 ?M and 9.54 � 0.15 ?M against A549, MCF-7 and SHSY-5Y cancer cell lines. Similarly, AK-10 showed IC50 values of 8.55 � 0.67 ?M, 3.15 � 0.23 ?M and 3.36 � 0.29 ?M against A549, MCF-7 and SHSY-5Y, respectively. In the mechanistic studies, it was found that AK-3 and AK-10 inhibit the cell proliferation in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and the primary cause of death of the cells was found to be through apoptosis. Thus, morpholine based quinazoline derivatives have the potential to be developed as potent anticancer drug molecules. � 2022 RSC
Multifunctional nanohybrid for simultaneous detection and removal of Arsenic(III) from aqueous solutions
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021-12-01T00:00:00) Singh, Simranjeet; Khasnabis, Sutripto; Anil, Amith G.; Kumar, Vijay; Kumar Naik, TS Sunil; Nath, Bidisha; Garg, Vinod Kumar; Singh, Joginder; Ramamurthy, Praveen C.
Herein, for the adsorption and detection of As (III), multifunctional nanohybrid have been synthesized using a solvothermal approach. Structural and functional characterizations confirmed the impregnation of the ZnO over graphene oxide. Nanohybrid exhibits a remarkable qmax (maximum adsorption capacity) of 8.17 mg/g, at an adsorbent dose of 3 g/L and pH of 8.23. Higher adsorption with nanohybrid was attributed to a large BET surface area of 32.950 m2/g. The chemical nature and adsorption behaviour of As(III) on ZnO-GO were studied by fitting the data with various adsorption isotherms (Langmuir & Freundlich) and kinetics models (six models). It is observed from the findings that removal of As(III) with ZnO-GO nanocomposite appears to be technically feasible with high removal efficiency. The feasibility of the nanocomposite to function as a sensor for the detection of As(III) was also evaluated. The fabricated sensor could detect As(III) with a lower limit of detection of 0.24 ?M and linear range up to 80 ?M. Overall, this study is significant in nanohybrid as a multifunctional composite for the adsorption and detection of As (III) from wastewater. � 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Nanofiller-assisted Na+-conducting polymer nanocomposite for ultracapacitor: structural, dielectric and electrochemical properties
(Springer, 2021-01-04T00:00:00) Kamboj, Vashu; Arya, Anil; Tanwar, Shweta; Kumar, Vijay; Sharma, A.L.
We report the preparation of ZrO2 nanofiller-incorporated polymer nanocomposite electrolyte based on the PEO-NaPF6 matrix via standard solution cast method. The structure and morphology of polymeric films have been examined with X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Different interactions between the polymer, salt and nanofiller have been examined by Fourier transform infrared technique. The temperature-dependent (40�100��C) electrical conductivity has been examined from complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS). The highest ionic conductivity is exhibited by 5�wt% nanofiller-based electrolyte and recorded ~ 2 � 10�4�S�cm?1 at 100��C. The voltage stability window of polymeric film checked from linear sweep voltammetry is about ~ 4�V, and ion transference number close to unity confirms the major contribution from ion conduction. The dielectric properties have been explored in terms of complex permittivity, loss tangent and complex conductivity. The dielectric plots have been further fitted with an associated equation to evaluate principal dielectric parameters. The optimized polymer electrolyte possesses the lowest relaxation time and the highest dielectric constant that suggests the highest ionic conductivity, which is in good correlation with impedance results. The dc conductivity is also highest for the optimum system, and relaxation time decreases with an increase in temperature. The thermal stability of polymer electrolytes is about 200��C, as examined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The ion transport parameters n, ?, D have been evaluated via FTIR, impedance spectroscopy and Bandara and Mellander (B�M) approach. Finally, the optimized polymer nanocomposite film has been used as an electrolyte-cum-separator for the fabrication of a solid-state symmetric supercapacitor. The electrochemical parameters specific capacitance, energy density, power density have been examined from cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge�discharge technique. It may be concluded that nanofiller incorporation is an effective strategy to enhance the properties of electrolyte and has the potential to adopt as an electrolyte-cum-separator for ultracapacitor. � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.
Nanostructured Li2MSiO4 (M=Fe, Mn) Cathode Material for Li-ion Batteries
(CRC Press, 2021-09-02T00:00:00) Sharma, A.L.; Tanwar, Shweta; Singh, Nirbhay; Kumar, Vijay; Arya, Anil
Li-ion batteries have emerged as a highly efficient energy storage device due to its high energy density, low cost, cyclic stability, and have dominated the markets all over the world. The battery comprises of cathode, anode, and electrolyte. The cathode material is crucial as it affects the overall cell performance and is an area of research globally. The suitable anode material is graphite and the electrolyte is gel/solid electrolyte (LiPF6). Recently, orthosilicates (Li2MSiO4; M= Fe, Mn, etc) based cathode material emerged as an alternative of LiCoO2 and LiFePO4 cathodes. The inherent structural stability in silicates is attributed to low cost, presence of Si-O covalent bonding in structure, and availability of two Li+ for transportation. The presence of two Li results in high energy density. So, to further enhance the energy density, researchers have adopted a doping, surface modification approach. Keeping the advantages of orthosilicates based electrode in mind, this chapter explores the fundamentals of battery, followed by characteristics of cathode material and strategy to tune the performance of orthosilicates based electrode. The complete methodology in terms of synthesis and characterization of the orthosilicates electrode has been explained. Finally, an important advancement in the orthosilicates based electrode material in battery performance is summarized followed by future aspects. � 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Nanostructured Metal Oxides for Hybrid Supercapacitors
(CRC Press, 2021-09-02T00:00:00) Arya, Anil; Gaur, Anurag; Kumar, Vijay; Tanwar, Shweta; Sharma, A.L.
The present chapter highlights the fundamentals of supercapacitors (SCs), their classification with the main emphasis on the fabrication of hybrid SC using nanostructured transition metal oxide (TMO) based electrodes. The TMO based electrodes have grabbed the attention of researchers to point out a significant role in the enhancement of the SC device performance such as fast charging-discharging, energy density, power density, and cyclic stability. The tuning of valence charge and dominance of pseudocapacitive behavior is the key to achieve the superior performance of supercapacitors. In this article, we have focused on the hybrid approach to configuring the SC device and obtained enhanced electrochemical performance as compared to symmetric/non-hybrid supercapacitor. Consequently, this chapter provides insights about hybrid supercapacitors along with strategies to enhance cell performance. Furthermore, a glimpse of different TM based electrode material for the Hybrid SC device is also reported. � 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Record-based transmuted generalized linear exponential distribution with increasing, decreasing and bathtub shaped failure rates
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022-07-29T00:00:00) Arshad, Mohd; Khetan, Mukti; Kumar, Vijay; Pathak, Ashok Kumar
The linear exponential distribution is a generalization of the exponential and Rayleigh distributions. This distribution is one of the best models to fit data with increasing failure rate (IFR). But it does not provide a reasonable fit for modeling data with decreasing failure rate (DFR) and bathtub shaped failure rate (BTFR). To overcome this drawback, we propose a new record-based transmuted generalized linear exponential (RTGLE) distribution by using the technique of Balakrishnan and He. The family of RTGLE distributions is more flexible to fit the data sets with IFR, DFR, and BTFR, and also generalizes several well-known models as well as some new record-based transmuted models. This paper aims to study the statistical properties of RTGLE distribution, like, the shape of the probability density function and hazard function, quantile function and its applications, moments and its generating function, order and record statistics, R�nyi entropy. The maximum likelihood estimators, least squares and weighted least squares estimators, Anderson-Darling estimators, Cram�r-von Mises estimators of the unknown parameters are constructed and their biases and mean squared errors are reported via Monte Carlo simulation study. Finally, the real data sets illustrate the goodness of fit and applicability of the proposed distribution; hence, suitable recommendations are forwarded. � 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
A Review on the Arylpiperazine Derivatives as Potential Therapeutics for the Treatment of Various Neurological Disorders
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2022-01-18T00:00:00) Kumar, Bhupinder; Kumar, Naveen; Thakur, Amandeep; Kumar, Vijay; Kumar, Rakesh; Kumar, Vinod
Neurological disorders are disease conditions related to the neurons and central nervous system (CNS). Any structural, electrical, biochemical, and functional abnormalities in neurons can lead to various types of disorders, like Alzheimer�s disease (AD), depression, Parkinson�s disease (PD), epilepsy, stroke, etc. Currently available medicines are symptomatic and do not treat the disease state. Thus, novel CNS active agents with the potential to completely treat an illness are highly desired. A range of small organic molecules is being explored as potential drug candidates to cure different neurological disorders. In this context, arylpiperazinehas been found to be a versatile scaffold and indispensable pharmacophore in many CNS active agents. Several molecules with arylpiperazine nucleus have been developed as potent leads for the treatment of AD, PD, depression, and other disorders. The arylpiperazine nucleus can be optionally substituted at different chemical structures and offer flexibility for the synthesis of a large number of derivatives. In the current review article, we have explored the role of various arylpiperazine containing scaffolds against different neurological disorders, including AD, PD, and depression. The structure-activity relationship studies were conducted for recognizing potent lead compounds. This review article may provide important insights into the structural requirements for designing and synthesizing effective molecules as curative agents for different neurological disorders. � 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.