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Browsing by Author "Mishra, P. K."

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Education and Skills as Catalyst for Sustainable Growth in India
(Pedagogy of Learning, 2017) Mishra, P. K.; Mishra, S.K.
Skill development plays an important role towards achieving faster, sustainable and inclusive growth and making the country’s youth employable. Countries with higher and better levels of skills adjust more effectively to the challenges and opportunities of growth in globalized world. In a developing country like India, the recent consensus among the economists, academicians, planners and policy makers is that education and skills can be mobilized for attaining sustainable development. The primary goal is to impart quality based and skill loaded education to all. This paper is an effort to provide empirical evidence for the relationship that exists between education/skills and economic growth in India. Using statistical tools, the study provides the evidence of the existence of strong association between education/skills and economic growth. However, for sustainability of this linkage well neat plans and policies are needed. The GoI has also been giving utmost importance to it in all its recent days’ schemes and programmes meant for upward mobility of the society at large.
Empirical Evidence on Money-Price Relationship in India: Cointegration and Causality Approach
(Serial Publications Pvt.Ltd., 2017) Mishra, P. K.; Verma, J.K.
In recent years, the study of the causal relationship between money supply and price level has attracted the attention of economists, researchers, and policy makers. This study shall be significant in deciding whether price stability is the primary objective of monetary policy in India. Using the sample data on consumer price index and broad money supply for the period 1950-51 to 2015-16, this study provides the evidence of long-run equilibrium relationship between money and general price level. It further suggests the existence of unidirectional causality running between money supply to general price level in the long-run. And, also confirms the presence of bidirectional causal relationship between money and price in the short-run. But it is very interesting. The causality from money supply to price is positive whereas in the reverse direction it is negative. Thus, any increase in money supply would raise the rate of inflation and hence, price stability should be considered as the primary objective of monetary policy in India. On the contrary, rising inflation can be controlled through curtailed money supply implementation of appropriate monetary policy in the country.
Gender Parity in Education and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Select Asian Countries
(Pedagogy of Learning, 2016) Mishra, S. K.; Mishra, P. K.
Since last few decades, there is a consensus among the academicians and the policy makers that the gender parity in education has positive implications for economic and social development. It has been argued that gender parity in education can contribute significantly to economic growth by expanding the stock of human capital, raising labour productivity, and also by increasing the stock of physical capital. Thus, this paper is an attempt to examine the effects of gender parity in education on the long-run economic growth of selected Asian countries over a period from 2000 to 2014. The long-run impacts of gender parity indicators on economic growth of these countries have been investigated employing Pooled Mean Group estimator based ARDL model in apanel framework. The estimation results provide the evidence of the positive and significant effects of gender parity indicators on the economic growth of Asian countries. This finding is significant for policy makers in formulating strategies and programmes favouring women in these economies.
Green Economy: A Panacea for Sustainable Development and Poverty Reduction
(EBSCO, 2017) Mishra, P. K.
The concept of green economy has recently attracted the attention of academia and policy makers of developing as well as developed nations. This paper tries to examine the importance of green economy as a tool for achieving sustainable development and poverty reduction in developing countries in general. Green economy implies that a substantial part of a country's revenue is earned from the green industry. It is more than mere greening of the economic sectors as it also involves all facets of sustainable development such as improving human welfare. It is therefore concluded that for countries to be economically developed, emphasis must be placed on programmes towards a green economy while keeping its challenges that it put before planners and policy makers.
Healthcare Services for Human Development in Punjab: Public-Private Partnership
(South Asia Research & Development Institute, 2017) Mishra, P. K.
Health is considered as a significant contributor to human development. Better healthcare services contribute not only to improved health condition, but also to the increased productivity and income of people. Thus, the provision of healthcare is the responsibility of the government. However, in Punjab due to low level of government spending on health sector, the performance of public sector is not so good both in curative and preventive cares. Thus, the private sector has become the major provider of medical care. But, the private healthcare system is mostly inequitable and expensive. Therefore, the government of Punjab adopted the public- private partnership model in the provision of healthcare facilities. The most important problem with this model is monitoring and enforcement. Hence, it is suggested to develop regulations for efficient monitoring and enforcement of agreed terms and conditions. It is also suggested to link this PPP model with the health insurance schemes so as to make it affordable to the poor and other vulnerable groups of the society.
Multidimensional Poverty in Kashmir: A Comparative Study of Anayat Pora and Sangam Villages
(Gandhian Institute of Studies, 2016) Unjum, Irfana; Mishra, P. K.
The purpose of this paper is to asses the nature and extent of multidimensional poverty in rural Kashmir. Being a multidimensional phenomenon poverty warrants the keen attention of policy makers to envisage it in non- conventional ways. An ominous need has been felt to swing the research exertion from more uni dimensional valuation to multidimensional estimation so as to lure proper and applied policy inputs
Multidimensional Poverty in Kashmir: A Comparative Study of Srinagar and Anantnag Districts
(Uttar Pradesh Commerce Association, 2016) Unjum, Irfana; Mishra, P. K.
In last decades, poverty has been acknowledged as a multidimensional phenomenon in the policy circle. Multidimensional approach encapsulates the expansive representation of poverty as it implicates innumerable dimension which are otherwise impossible in the uni- dimensional approach of poverty. The purpose of this paper is to examine the multidimensional poverty in the rural region of the Kashmir division of J & K . The study is based on primary data collected during the first quarter of 2016 from purposively selected two districts, namely, Srinagar & Anantnag districts.
Multidimensional poverty in Uttar Pradesh: trends and patterns
(Indian Society for Education and Environment, 2017) Unjum, Irfana; Mishra, P. K.
Objectives: This paper makes a review of the previous studies concerning the multidimensional poverty in Uttar Pradesh, and analyses the incidence and intensity of poverty in the State. Methods/Statistical analysis: This paper relies upon the secondary data collected from various published sources so as to examine the trend and patterns of the multidimensional poverty in the State. It basically focuses on two specific measures of multidimensional poverty – incidence and intensity. Incidence of poverty is the percentage of people in the State who are MPI poor whereas intensity of poverty is the proportion of indicators in which they are deprived. Findings: It has been found from the review of extant literature that Uttar Pradesh ranks almost the lowest among the major States of India in terms of human development. The per capita income of the State continues to be lower in comparison to less developing States like ODISHA, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. Such a slow growth performance of the economy of Uttar Pradesh has been reflected in high rate of illiteracy, high rate of infant mortality, gender disparity and growing burdens of unemployment among others. All these infer the presence of multidimensional poverty in the State which is dragging backward the real growth and development of the State. The problem of multidimensional poverty in the State is similar to that of India. The significant factors contributing to it are income, problematic occupational pattern, unhealthy fuel used for cooking purposes, unhealthy sanitation facilities, lack of proper nutritional intakes, and low level of education. Application/Improvements: This finding is significant for the policy makers focusing on the socio-economic indicators which must be accorded priority for improving human well-being in the long-run.
Nexus Between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence From India
(Asian Journals of Advance Studies, 2017) Habib, Musavir Ul; Mishra, P. K.
Energy consumption has assumed an indispensible importance in the modern era as it plays a significant role in national production and human development. In particular, the importance of electricity consumption in socio-economic development of a nation cannot be overemphasized. The shortages in the electricity supplies retard the economic growth as most of the economic activities can’t be undertaken altogether due to power outages. In this context, this paper examines the nexus between electricity consumption and economic growth of India for the period 1971 to 2014 by incorporating the energy as measured by electricity consumption in the Mankew-Romer-Weil empirical model of economic growth. The use of Toda-Yamamoto Granger non-causality test lends to support the conservation hypothesis that economic growth is the driver of energy consumption. Thus, the implication is that the energy conservation policy can be adopted without having adverse effects on economic growth of India.
Nexus between Tourism and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Odisha, India,
(Serial Publications Pvt.Ltd., 2016) Rout, Himanshu B.; Mishra, P. K.; Pradhan, B.B.
In view of the importance of tourism as an instrument for economic growth and employment generation, this paper is an effort to examine the nexus between tourism and economic growth in Odisha during 1990-91 and 2013-14; specifically the aim is to examine the tourism-led growth hypothesis at the state level. The study provides the empirical evidence of the existence of long-run equilibrium relationship between tourism and economic growth in the State. Precisely, it provides the evidence of stable, significant and positive response of tourism to economic growth. This finding is important from policy perspective. The State government is required to priority to the promotion of tourism so as to lead a stable and inclusive growth of Odisha.
PUBLIC SPENDING ON EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH : EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM ODISHA
(Uttar Pradesh Commerce Association, 2017) Mishra, P. K.
Education in the literature has been considered to promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth and development of an economy. It has long been considered to enable individuals, especially women, to live and aspire to healthy, meaningful, creative and resilient lives by strengthening their voices in community, national and global affairs; to offer better livelihoods for those in the informal sector; and to prevent the transmission of poverty between generations. Thus, public expenditure on education can contribute to long-run development of an economy. It is in this context, this study was taken up to examine the dynamic causal linkages between government spending on education and real economic growth of Odisha over a sample period spanning from 1985-86 to 2014-15. It is found that both the variables have long-run equilibrium relationship among themselves. But the short-run dynamics infers the existence of unidirectional causation running from government investment in education to real economic growth of the state with a lag of 4 years. Thus, in Odisha the government's effort for achieving inclusive growth is justified. The state Government has been steadily moving towards achieving the national goal of universal education. There has been significant spatial and numerical expansion of elementary and secondary schools in the State over the years. Access and enrolment at the primary stage of education have reached near universal levels. The number of out-of-school children has reduced significantly. The gender gap in elementary education has been narrowed and the percentage of children belonging to SCs and STs enrolled is almost proportionate to their population. State is also showing an increasing performance in higher education. However, the policy makers in the state should pave the way forward with efficient budgetary allocations for development of education and eventual growth of Odisha
Socio-economic development of Uttar Pradesh: an empirical analysis
(Indian Society for Education and Environment, 2017) Kaur, H.; Mishra, P. K.
Background/Objectives: Since the concepts of social and economic development of a nation/region/state is crucial for the development of human resources, the objective of this paper is to examine the socio- economic development of Uttar Pradesh in the post-reform period. Methods/Statistical analysis: The socio-economic profile of Uttar Pradesh has been examined by calculating decadal growth rates, compound annual growth rates, and by constructing appropriate time series plots. Specifically, the economic profile of the state has been presented with the help of real gross state domestic product at factor cost. And, the social aspect of development has been examined with the help of government expenditure on education and health as percentage of gross state domestic product. Findings: The findings of the study reveal a low level of human development, and consequential low level of growth of the economy of Uttar Pradesh. It is uniquely observed that the average performance of all economic as well as social sectors in the state has declined during 2012 and 2015. This observation is sufficient to justify the persistency of unemployment, poverty and inequality in the state. Improvements/Applications: Appropriate policy initiatives are warranted to address the problems of socio-economic backwardness of Uttar Pradesh. Specifically, it is essential to focus on the development of the masses at the bottom of the pyramid.
Socio-economic impacts of tourism in india: An empirical analysis
(ASERS Publishing House, 2016) Rout, Himanshu B.; Mishra, P. K.; Pradhan, B.B.
The importance of tourism as an instrument for economic growth and employment generation, particularly in remote and backward areas, has been well recognized world over. It is the largest service industry globally in terms of gross revenue as well as foreign exchange earnings. Tourism plays an effective role in achieving growth with equity objectives which we have set for ourselves. The extant tourism literature suggests that the expansion on tourism sector can contribute to long-run macroeconomic performance of developing countries. India ving high potential for the expansion of tourism industry can be a catalyst for the long-run socio-economic growth. Thus, we have investigated the impact of tourism on India?s economic growth over a period from 1990 to 2015. The results predict the possibility of long-run equilibrium relationship between tourism and economic growth. This justifies for the identification of the indicators which should be emphasized while formulating plans and policies for tourism sector expansion. The estimation of long-run regression model suggests that the indicators such as foreign exchange earnings, international tourists spending, domestic expenditure on tourism and capital investment by all industries related to travel and tourism are critical in making tourism industry an engine of economic growth. ? 2016. ASERS Publishing. All rights reserved.
Urbanization and Healthcare Services in Punjab: Role of Private Sector
(Asian Journals of Advance Studies, 2017) Mishra, P. K.
In recent years, the world is becoming increasingly urban with about fifty five percent of its population living in urban areas. This urbanization is a sign of good job opportunities, better education and health facilities, better housing and sanitation, and improved standards of living. However, urbanization brings with it socio-economic and environmental problems which ultimately lead to health hazards. And, the demand for healthcare services rise. But thehttp://14.139.13.144/handle/32116/468 issue is that the public sector healthcare system becomes inadequate to meet the growing healthcare needs in urban areas mainly due to low level of government outlays for the health sector. As a consequence, the private healthcare sector emerges. The extant literature reveals a correlation between urbanization and the growth of the formal private healthcare sector. However, the role played by the private healthcare sector in urban areas is limited to certain sections of the society mainly because of higher medical costs. In this context, this paper examines the role of private sector in the face of growing urbanization in the Punjab state of India. It is concluded that the private sector fails to address the issues of equity in healthcare services. Therefore, public-private partnership is suggested as the alternative option for attaining equity in health.

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