Browsing by Author "Razdan, Sumeer"

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Biodegradable Plastics: New Challenges and Possibilities toward Green Sustainable Development
(wiley, 2022-03-18T00:00:00) Kumar, Rabindra; Razdan, Sumeer
In the past few decades, several research studies have reported the adverse impact of conventional plastics on the environment and human health. Conventional plastics contain a mixture of known and unknown harmful materials or chemicals that are unsafe for human health and pose disposal challenges as they are not degraded easily in nature. Thus, there has been a dire need to develop and introduce bio�based and biodegradable plastics as an alternative source over conventional plastic. For manufacturing and development of bio�based and biodegradable plastics, focus on the use of raw materials and chemicals which are green and clean with respect to nature are needed; which includes proteins, carbohydrates, polysaccharides, and eco�friendly constituents with environment�friendly physicochemical properties from various natural sources. In recent year, the reports of biodegradable plastics such as poly(e�caprolactone) (PCL), poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(3�hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), polyethylene (Bio�PE), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and bamboo�based materials have come into prominence rather than conventional materials for the commercial purpose. This chapter focuses on better alternatives of natural raw materials for the manufacturing and development of biodegradable plastics, which are eco�friendly in nature and safe for human use. � 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.
Molecular characterization and differential expression of an aromatic heptaketide producing type III plant polyketide synthase from Himalayan rhubarb
(Springer, 2022-01-15T00:00:00) Pandith, Shahzad A.; Dhar, Niha; Bhosale, Sumedha; Barvkar, Vitthal T.; Razdan, Sumeer; Shah, Manzoor A.; Lattoo, Surrinder K.
Rheum australe (Himalayan Rhubarb, Polygonaceae), an endangered medicinal and vegetable herb owes its age-old remedying properties to the bio-active phyto-constituents viz. anthraquinones, stilbenoids, chromones and dietary flavonoids. Polyketide pathway primarily involving the intricate Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) contributes to the biosynthesis of these phyto-constituents. In the present study, we perform a homology-based approach to isolate an 1176�bp full-length cds sequence of the RaALS gene showing an equitable level of sequence similarity to related Type III PKSs at both nucleic acid and amino acid levels. In silico characterization revealed the presence of highly conserved amino acid residues found in nearly all Type III PKSs including the conserved active-site residues, signature motif and cyclization pocket residues with an exception of Ile256 and Gly258. Docking studies established major interactions between the starter acetyl-CoA and RaALS. Copy number analysis suggested slender evolution in Type III PKS in R. australe having a single copy of RaALS gene. qRT-PCR analyses revealed corroboration between the higher expression of RaALS in leaves followed by stem and root with that of the metabolite concentration. Expression studies further showed a direct increase of RaALS transcripts with the growing metabolite accretion in relation to altitude suggesting a probable involvement of specific Type III PKS in biosynthesis of the major phyto-constituents. Furthermore, abiotic stressors viz. methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid and UV light enhanced RaALS transcription hinting towards its role in defense mechanism in R. australe and highlighting the significance of RaALS as a prospective target for metabolic engineering. � 2022, Korean Society for Plant Biotechnology.
Molecular characterization and differential expression of an aromatic heptaketide producing type III plant polyketide synthase from Himalayan rhubarb
(Springer, 2022-01-15T00:00:00) Pandith, Shahzad A.; Dhar, Niha; Bhosale, Sumedha; Barvkar, Vitthal T.; Razdan, Sumeer; Shah, Manzoor A.; Lattoo, Surrinder K.
Rheum australe (Himalayan Rhubarb, Polygonaceae), an endangered medicinal and vegetable herb owes its age-old remedying properties to the bio-active phyto-constituents viz. anthraquinones, stilbenoids, chromones and dietary flavonoids. Polyketide pathway primarily involving the intricate Type III polyketide synthases (PKSs) contributes to the biosynthesis of these phyto-constituents. In the present study, we perform a homology-based approach to isolate an 1176�bp full-length cds sequence of the RaALS gene showing an equitable level of sequence similarity to related Type III PKSs at both nucleic acid and amino acid levels. In silico characterization revealed the presence of highly conserved amino acid residues found in nearly all Type III PKSs including the conserved active-site residues, signature motif and cyclization pocket residues with an exception of Ile256 and Gly258. Docking studies established major interactions between the starter acetyl-CoA and RaALS. Copy number analysis suggested slender evolution in Type III PKS in R. australe having a single copy of RaALS gene. qRT-PCR analyses revealed corroboration between the higher expression of RaALS in leaves followed by stem and root with that of the metabolite concentration. Expression studies further showed a direct increase of RaALS transcripts with the growing metabolite accretion in relation to altitude suggesting a probable involvement of specific Type III PKS in biosynthesis of the major phyto-constituents. Furthermore, abiotic stressors viz. methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid and UV light enhanced RaALS transcription hinting towards its role in defense mechanism in R. australe and highlighting the significance of RaALS as a prospective target for metabolic engineering. � 2022, Korean Society for Plant Biotechnology.