Browsing by Author "Saini, R.G."

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    Development and characterization of genomic microsatellite markers in Rhododendron arboreum
    (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2014) Choudhary, Shruti; Thakur, Sapna; Saini, Ram Gopal; Bhardwaj, Pankaj; Choudhary, S.; Thakur, S.; Saini, R.G.; Bhardwaj, P.
    Population genetics characteristics are the fundamentals of conservation and management practices. Rhododendronarboreum, a key biodiversity component inhabiting Indian Himalayas, suffers from overexploitation and global warming. Using biotin?streptavidin hybridization technique, 41 microsatellite markers were designed from an enriched DNA library to provide a genetic background and an insight into the population structure of the species. With a range of 2?14 alleles amplified from 38 loci, the populations were reported with observed and expected heterozygosity of 0.167?0.933 and 0.422?0.917 respectively. Some of the loci showed significant deviations from Hardy?Weinberg equilibrium and overall no linkage disequilibrium was detected. These markers will support genetic diversity and further genotyping studies in R. arboreum. ? 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
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    Inflammatory response of gliadin protein isolated from various wheat varieties on human intestinal cell line
    (Academic Press, 2018) Gupta, K.B.; Upadhyay, S.; Saini, R.G.; Mantha, Anil K.; Dhiman, Monisha
    Wheat protein contributes a significant part in human diet, apart from its well-known nutritional values, wheat gluten/gliadin proteins are also responsible for the many allergic/inflammatory diseases and chronic inflammation in the small intestine may cause diarrhea and malabsorption, in a specific population of individuals. In the present study, the antigenic characteristics of twelve wheat varieties of diverse origin namely C273, C281, C286, C306, C518, C591, Agra Local, 9D, 8A, Raj4229, HD3027, NP824 released during 1920?2012 were evaluated. Gliadin proteins from these varieties were tested on human colon cancer cell line HCT116 to assess their effect on inflammation, oxidative and nitrosative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results show that these wheat varieties induced high levels of ROS/RNS and MPO activity which was further supported by the increase in the mRNA levels of a cytokine such as IL-1? and IL-15. It can be concluded that gliadin from these wheat varieties is suggested to act as a potential antigen by enhancing the level of inflammation irrespective of their year of release and origin which if not controlled may lead to the initiation of celiac disease in genetically susceptible individuals or may be responsible for other wheat protein intolerance associated diseases. ? 2018 Elsevier Ltd
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    Micropropagation protocol for Salvadora oleoides
    (Northeast Forestry University, 2019) Kumar, R; Najar, R.A; Gupta, K.B; Saini, R.G.
    Salvadora oleoides Decne. is a pharmaceutically important plant. Owing to poor seed formation, viability and, germination, and to anthropogenic disturbances, this species is on the verge of extinction. A reproducible micropropagation protocol to increase the population through tissue culture has been standardized and the results are reported here. Callus tissues were initiated from young leaves and stem explants. Leaf calluses proliferated with 1.5 mg/L BAP and 0.9 mg/L 2, 4-D with additives and continuous slow proliferation up to 15 weeks on 0.5 mg/L BAP and additives with 200 mg/L activated charcoal. Direct shoot initiation took place from stem node explants after 12 days; 4–5 shoots per node were produced in 30 days. Shoot clumps elongated and grew further on MS media supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP, 0.2 mg/L NAA and additives, which generated 20–23 shoots. The elongated shoots induced tap roots with 4 mg/L NAA and 200 mg/L activated charcoal in 12 days. In vitro raised plants produced secondary roots when transferred to pots containing vermiculite maintained at 28–35 °C. The plantlets successfully acclimatised in pots containing soil in natural conditions. © 2018, Northeast Forestry University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    Selection for Salt Tolerance in Petunia Grandiflora
    (Central University of Punjab, 2014) Najar, Raoof Ahmad; Saini, R.G.
    Petunia grandiflora a native of South America is a popular and high value ornamental plant in the world. Soil salinity is the major abiotic stress in semi-arid Malwa region of Punjab, adversely affecting its productivity, survival and quality. In order to develop salt resistant varieties of P. grandiflora, an attempt was made to select salt tolerant seedlings from varieties Violet Blue, Giant California and Nana compecta by using ex-vitro and in-vitro methods. Seedlings were subjected to salt treatments of 100 mM, 200 mM, 300 mM, 400 mM, 500 mM and 600 mM for durations of 4 hr, 6 hr, 12 hr and 24 hours. Salt treatment reduced shoot length, leaf number and survival percentages and delayed days to 50% flowering. Variety Nana Compecta was identified as tolerant to salt and variety Giant California was most sensitive to soil salinity. In in-vitro method of gradual increase in NaCl concentration (0, 25, 50, 75 and 150 mM) from low to high level was found to be a better approach for selecting salt tolerant calli as compared to direct method in which direct transfer of calli to high salt concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 mM) was found to be detrimental to callus survival and growth. Treatment of calli upto 50 mM salt concentrations was good for shoot regeneration in all the three varieties. Protocol was standardized for callus induction, direct shoot induction from leaves, shoot regeneration from callus and root induction from shoots. For callus induction, 2 mg/l 2, 4-D and 0.5 mg/l kinetin was optimum for variety Violet Blue and 1 mg/l both BAP and NAA was optimum for varieties Giant California and Nana Compecta. For direct shoot induction from leaves 2 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l NAA were good for all the three varieties. For shoot regeneration from calli, 2 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.1 IAA for variety Violet Blue and 1 mg/l both BAP and NAA for varieties Giant California and Nana Compecta were ideal. For root induction, 0.5 mg/l NAA and 0.1 mg/l IBA were ideal for all the three varieties. Seeds from plants grown ex-vitro showing tolerance to salt were harvested and stored for further testing.