Browsing by Author "Sharma, Anjali"

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    A comparative study of colored wheat lines across laboratories for validation of their phytochemicals and antioxidant activity
    (Academic Press, 2023-06-07T00:00:00) Sharma, Anjali; Yadav, Mona; Tiwari, Apoorv; Ali, Usman; Krishania, Meena; Bala, Manju; Sharma, Paras; Goudar, Giridhar; Roy, Joy K.; Navik, Umashanker; Garg, Monika
    With aim of assessing inter-laboratory variations, phytochemical and antioxidant analysis of seventeen wheat lines were carried out in three well-equipped Indian laboratories viz- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Punjab, Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering & Technology (CIPHET), Punjab, and National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Telangana. Protocols were rigorously discussed among laboratories, re-formulated, and uniformly executed for estimating anthocyanins, phenolics, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity measured by colorimetric assays (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP & MC). Compiled data complement each other, with minor inter-laboratory variations. Colored wheat lines show higher antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile than white wheat lines across the laboratories. Within colored wheat lines, black wheat lines have the best nutraceutical profile across the laboratories, with an observed order of black > blue > purple > white. Within black wheat varieties, one of the studied lines, Bk2, consistently outperformed across the laboratories and had highest antioxidant activity, mean anthocyanin content (150.19 mg/kg), phenolic content (277.67 mg/kg), flavonoid content (17.76 mg/kg). The factors that may contribute to the evaluation process include differences in the human resources involved, type and company of solvent, instrument model, and weather and humidity conditions during the measurement. This study validates the higher phytochemicals and antioxidant property of colored wheat through a multi-laboratory analysis. � 2023 Elsevier Ltd
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    Effect of dietary anthocyanins on biomarkers of type 2 diabetes and related obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023-03-13T00:00:00) Tiwari, Vandita; Sharma, Saloni; Tiwari, Apoorv; Sheoran, Bhawna; Kaur, Satveer; Sharma, Anjali; Yadav, Mona; Bhatnagar, Archana; Garg, Monika
    Anthocyanins have been reported for the protective effects against type 2 diabetes and related obesity. This meta-analysis examined the benefits of anthocyanins on type 2 diabetes and obesity biomarkers in animals and humans. The study included 21 clinical trials and 27 pre-clinical studies. A systematic search was conducted using the following inclusion criteria: in vivo rodent studies; human randomized clinical trials, both aimed at assessing the fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein; and study duration of at least two weeks. Out of the 201 examined publications, 48 were shortlisted after implementation of the selection criteria. Results of clinical trials demonstrated that consumption of anthocyanin-rich food significantly reduced the FBG (p < 0.0001), HbA1c (p = 0.02), TC (p = 0.010), TG (p = 0.003), LDL (p = 0.05) and increases the HDL (p = 0.03) levels. Similarly, pre-clinical studies demonstrated the amelioration of the HbA1c (p = 0.02), FBG, TC, TG, and LDL (p < 0.00001), with non-significant changes in the HDL (p = 0.11). Sub-group analysis indicated dose-dependent effect. This compilation confirms that consuming anthocyanin-rich foods positively correlates with the reduction in the blood glucose and lipid levels in diabetic and obese subjects. � 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Exploration of price variation, elemental profile, and fortification of commercial Indian edible salts with iodine, potassium, iron, magnesium, and calcium
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2023-07-05T00:00:00) Yadav, Mona; Sharma, Anjali; Meenu, Maninder; Kumari, Anita; Goyal, Ajay; Garg, Monika
    The different types of edible rock salts (black, and pink) are fetching premium price compared to white sea salt. Survey of 300 individuals indicated that black rock salt is mainly used for sprinkling and sea salt for cooking. Further, people are switching to white rock salt for cooking due to the influence of traditional knowledge, friends, advertisements, and label claims. The elemental profile of commercial salt samples were analyzed to identify a scientific basis for this. We collected 14 different colored (black, pink) edible salt samples from supermarkets, local shops and health food shops in Mohali, Punjab, India. Various analytical and biochemical investigations were used for the analysis of 25 elements, vitamin and phenolic content. The recommended level of iodine (I) fortification (?50% RDA) was found only in 20% of the salts studied. The potassium (K) fortification (10-20 % K/Na) was found only in two salts. One salt sample crossed the toxic limits of lead (Pb). Black salt exhibited the highest iron (Fe) (10-20% RDA). Other claimed nutrients/mineral Ca, Mg, vitamin and phenolic content was not observed in any salt (< 5 % RDA).In conclusion, taste, tradition, and social media affect salt preference, and our research provides the scientific data. � 2023 The Author(s)
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    Understanding the Cross-Talk between the Ceramide Biosynthetic Pathway and Mitochondrial Function in Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders
    (Wiley-Hindawi, 2023-10-12T00:00:00) Amarjeet; Babu, Raja; Mohapatra, Abhipsa; Pancholi, Bhaskaranand; Garabadu, Debapriya; Sharma, Anjali; Sharma, Ashwani; Azad, Md. A. K.
    Myelin is a spiral compilation of uniformly thick membranes around the axon in an alternating fashion, and it is formed by a complicated process known as myelination. Myelin sheaths are responsible for various physiological functions such as metabolism, rapid nerve conduction, and maintaining ionic and water homeostasis in the brain. Lipid is one of the major components in the myelin, which includes cholesterol, ceramide, and their derivatives, such as galactosylceramide, sulfatide, and gangliosides. Ceramide and its derivatives are synthesised by various ceramide biosynthetic pathways such as de novo, salvage, sphingomyelinase, and recycling of exogenous ceramide. At an appropriate level, ceramide facilitates the development of the nervous system, cell proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis, which are responsible for normal functioning, but when the level is altered from normal, it results in mitochondrial dysfunction or cell death through autophagy and apoptosis. The ceramide level increases, especially in the mitochondria. Ceramide level increases in response to oxidative stress which is mediated by inflammatory cytokines. Due to mitochondrial dysfunction, an energy-deficient condition is created because of disruption in the electron transport chain, which results in the death of neurons and glial cells, which subsequently cause demyelination and degeneration of axon. Losing myelin while axons remain relatively intact is the characteristic feature of demyelinating diseases. The primary element of demyelinating disorder is damage, malfunction, failure, or death of mitochondria. These disturbances may occur due to direct or indirect interaction of ceramide with mitochondria. There are several risk factors for demyelination, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, trauma, obesity, vitamin D deficiency, and genetic and environmental factors. Thus, the review is mainly aimed towards the interaction between ceramide and mitochondria during demyelination. � 2023 Amarjeet et al.