Biochemistry And Microbial Sciences - Research Publications
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/27
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Item Modulation of gene expression by YTH domain family (YTHDF) proteins in human physiology and pathology(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022-11-03T00:00:00) Kisan, Aju; Chhabra, RavindreshThe advent of high throughput techniques in the past decade has significantly advanced the field of epitranscriptomics. The internal chemical modification of the target RNA at a specific site is a basic feature of epitranscriptomics and is critical for its structural stability and functional property. More than 170 modifications at the transcriptomic level have been reported so far, among which m6A methylation is one of the more conserved internal RNA modifications, abundantly found in eukaryotic mRNAs and frequently involved in enhancing the target messenger RNA's (mRNA) stability and translation. m6A modification of mRNAs is essential for multiple physiological processes including stem cell differentiation, nervous system development and gametogenesis. Any aberration in the m6A modification can often result in a pathological condition. The deregulation of m6A methylation has already been described in inflammation, viral infection, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The m6A modification is reversible in nature and is carried out by specialized m6A proteins including writers (m6A methyltransferases) that add methyl groups and erasers (m6A demethylases) that remove methyl groups selectively. The fate of m6A-modified mRNA is heavily reliant on the various m6A-binding proteins (�readers�) which recognize and generate a functional signal from m6A-modified mRNA. In this review, we discuss the role of a family of reader proteins, �YT521-B homology domain containing family� (YTHDF) proteins, in human physiology and pathology. In addition, we critically evaluate the potential of YTHDF proteins as therapeutic targets in human diseases. � 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Item Emerging role of mRNA methylation in regulating the hallmarks of cancer(Elsevier B.V., 2022-10-13T00:00:00) Sarraf, Gargi; Chhabra, RavindreshThe dynamic chemical modifications of DNA, RNA, and proteins can transform normal cells into malignant ones. While the DNA and protein modifications in cancer have been described extensively in the literature, there are fewer reports about the role of RNA modifications in cancer. There are over 100 forms of RNA modifications and one of these, mRNA methylation, plays a critical role in the malignant properties of the cells. mRNA methylation is a reversible modification responsible for regulating protein expression at the post-transcriptional level. Despite being discovered in the 1970s, a complete understanding of the different proteins involved and the mechanism behind mRNA methylation remains largely unknown. However, these mRNA methylations have been shown to foster cancer hallmarks via specific cellular targets inside the cell. In this review, we provide a brief overview of mRNA methylation and its emerging role in regulating the various hallmarks of cancer. � 2022 Elsevier B.V. and Soci�t� Fran�aise de Biochimie et Biologie Mol�culaire (SFBBM)Item The Epigenetics of Noncoding RNA(Elsevier, 2022-09-16T00:00:00) Chhabra, RavindreshDNA, RNA, and the proteins are the major players in the flow of genetic information. Out of these, RNA is the most versatile biomolecule as it exists in multiple forms and each form carries out specified functions in the cell. RNA can be classified into coding and noncoding RNA (ncRNA). The noncoding RNA is further subdivided into long noncoding RNA (>200 nucleotides) and small noncoding RNA (<200 nucleotides). The coding RNA is the one which gets translated into proteins; whereas, the ncRNA is usually responsible for the regulation of gene expression. The ncRNA has been implicated in a number of pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes, neurological disorders and developmental defects. The interplay between ncRNAs and epigenetics often plays a significant role in the onset and progression of some of the aforementioned diseases. This chapter elaborates on the different ways in which epigenetic phenomenon is regulated by ncRNA and the effect of epigenetic modification on the expression of ncRNA. � 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.