Biochemistry And Microbial Sciences - Research Publications

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Glucose metabolism

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    Alterations in cellular metabolisms after Imatinib therapy: a review
    (Springer, 2022-05-16T00:00:00) Kumar, Veerandra; Singh, Priyanka; Gupta, Sonu Kumar; Ali, Villayat; Jyotirmayee; Verma, Malkhey
    Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the possession of the Philadelphia chromosome, which contains the Bcr-Abl oncogene that codes for the oncoprotein BCR-ABL. Through glucose metabolism, glycolysis, and the translocation of the high-affinity glucose transporter to the cell surface, BCR-ABL modulates various signaling pathways in CML cells and maintains ATP turnover in tumor cells. Given the effective results of anti-tumor drugs in normalizing abnormal cellular metabolism, Imatinib (IM) has begun to be investigated and proven to be a highly potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in CML therapy. Initially, IM was tested for aberrant glucose metabolism, but all four metabolisms (glucose, lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide) are interrelated and enhance tumor growth under stress; eventually, the other three metabolisms were investigated. Subsequent effects of IM therapy showed a switch from glycolysis to the tricarboxylic acid cycle, upregulation of pentose phosphate pathway-associated oxidative pathways, and internal translocation of glucose transporters. In terms of lipid metabolism, IM had contradictory results: in one study, it served as a triglyceride and total cholesterol regulator, while in another study, it had no impact. The effect of IM on altered amino acid and nucleotide metabolisms was investigated using a multi-omics approach, which revealed a decrease in sulfur-containing amino acids, aromatic amino acids, and nucleotide biosynthesis. So, despite the mixed effect on cellular metabolism, IM has more positive effects, and therefore, the drug proved to be better than other TKIs. The present study is one approach to determine the transformative activities of IM against CML-associated metabolic changes, but further investigation is still needed to uncover more potentials of IM. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    Nischarin inhibition alters energy metabolism by activating AMP-activated protein kinase
    (American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc., 2017) Dong, Shengli; Baranwal, Somesh; Garcia, Anapatricia; Serrano-Gomez, Silvia; Eastlack, Steven; Iwakuma, Tomoo; Mercante, Donald; Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck; Alahari, Suresh K.; Dong, S.; Baranwal, S.; Garcia, A.; Serrano-Gomez, S.J.; Eastlack, S.; Iwakuma, T.; Mercante, D.; Mauvais-Jarvis, F.; Alahari, S.K.
    Nischarin (Nisch) is a key protein functioning as a molecular scaffold and thereby hosting interactions with several protein partners. To explore the physiological importance of Nisch, here we generated Nisch loss-of-function mutant mice and analyzed their metabolic phenotype. Nisch-mutant embryos exhibited delayed development, characterized by small size and attenuated weight gain. We uncovered the reason for this phenotype by showing that Nisch binds to and inhibits the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which regulates energy homeostasis by suppressing anabolic and activating catabolic processes. The Nisch mutations enhanced AMPK activation and inhibited mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling in mouse embryonic fibroblasts as well as in muscle and liver tissues of mutant mice. Nisch-mutant mice also exhibited increased rates of glucose oxidation with increased energy expenditure, despite reduced overall food intake. Moreover, the Nisch-mutant mice had reduced expression of liver markers of gluconeogenesis associated with increased glucose tolerance. As a result, these mice displayed decreased growth and body weight. Taken together, our results indicate that Nisch is an important AMPK inhibitor and a critical regulator of energy homeostasis, including lipid and glucose metabolism. ? 2017 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.