Human Genetics And Molecular Medicine - Master Dissertation

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/104

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Eeffect of Natural Compounds on Her2 Expression
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Uradanda, Praveen; Chander, Harish
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that is challenging to treat.we examine potential natural compounds which may help in treating her2 positive breast cancer. The main objectives of this study are to determine the mRNA level and protein levels on exposing MDAMB453 cell lines with Quercetin and PEITC at 40µm,44hrs.we have found in result analysis that her2 expression is downregulated on treatment with PEITC.where cell line treated with quercetin as no effect to downregulate her2 expression in MDAMB453.
Expression of CHAC1 in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Sharma, Ankita; Chander, Harish
Breast cancer is the commonly diagnosed type of cancer in women and is a major cause of deaths in women. Unfolded Protein Response Pathway is a signaling pathway induced in endoplasmic reticulum as a stress response. This type of stress signaling has been seen to be activated in many tumors including breast cancer. CHAC1 (Glutathione specific gamma- glutamylcyclotransferas-1) is a member of UPR Pathway. It was first discovered as a component of the ATF4 arm of the UPR pathway in a co-regulated group of genes. CHAC1 expression is necessary and sufficient to induce well-characterized markers of apoptosis. CHAC1 is involved in the inhibition of TNFRS6B via ATF4-ATF3-CHOP signaling. This sensitizes cells to commit to apoptosis following induction of UPR pathway. Although CHAC1 is a pro-apoptotic component of the UPR pathway, its expression in breast cancers have been noted to be remarkably high. To study the role of CHAC1 in breast cancer, we analyzed the expression of CHAC1 at mRNA level by using Real-Time PCR and further checked its' protein expression by Western-blotting. Its expression was found to be higher in ER positive cells as compared to the ER negative cells. Further investigations were performed by transfecting MDA-MB-231 cells by ER-alpha, which confirmed that presence of ER-alpha leads to the higher expression cHAC1 in breast cancer cells.
Psychological Burden Faced By Vitiligo Patients: A Comparative Study In Kerala And Punjab
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) G, Ameetha; Chander, Harish
Vitiligo is a common chronic skin disease having unknown aetiology, which causes a disfigurement and variable amount of skin and hair depigmentation and may affect a patient?s quality of life. To assess the psychological burden and epidemiologic profile of various age groups of patients affected by vitiligo in the southernmost district of the coastal state of Kerala and southern part of Punjab. All were investigated in a door- to- door survey. The questionnaire consisted of two sections, including psychological burden and their epidemiologic profile of various age groups. The questionnaire assigned contained questions about vitiligo characteristics such as the body surface area affected, skin tone, affected by genital vitiligo or not, marriage life and their sexual relationship, stigmatised conditions facing, whether or not affected areas were covered by dresses. 40% of males and 60 % of females were affected by vitiligo in Kerala but in Punjab males were more affected than females i.e. 60% and 40% respectively. The present study revealed that in Kerala and Punjab 25% of vitiligo patients were reported within the age group of 51-60 years and 20% within the age group of 21-30 years. More than 25% patients in Kerala and Punjab were fully affected with the vitiligo and the quality of life was impaired more in those patients and to a greater extent in women is more seen. About 76% of patients admitted of feeling self-conscious about their skin in Kerala whereas in Punjab 24% were affected.
Study the effect of phytochemicals phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and Quercetin on mitochondrial biogenesis in cancer and normal cell lines
(Central University of Punjab, 2018) Thakur, Anchal; Chander, Harish
Phytochemicals are plant-derived chemicals generally are biologically active compounds and mediate positive health benefits by targeting genes or metabolic pathways of a cell. The phytochemicals examined can be classified into main categories, such as carotenoids and polyphenols, which include phenolic acids, flavonoids and stilbenes / lignans. Quercetin is isolated from the Tridax procumbens (Linn.). Its anti-cancer activity has been well documented in vitro and in vivo. It could be pro-apoptotic as well as anti-apoptotic depending upon its concentration of it and time of exposure. Isothiocyanates are cruciferous derived phytochemicals. PEITC majorly isolated from Nasturtium officinale (watercress) has shown to mediate its anti-cancer activity through ROS-mediated pathway. It is a basic leucine zipper protein involved in protection against oxidative damage triggered by stress like injury or inflammation through regulation of the expression of anti- oxidant proteins. Under oxidative stress, inactivation of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) occurs which is a cytosolic repressor protein that binds to Nrf2. This results in Nrf2-Keap1 complex dissociation, and hence, promoting the translocation of Nrf2 to the v nucleus where it binds to ARE (anti-oxidant response element), and induce the transcription of anti-oxidative proteins. Quercetin and PEITC treatment to the cancer cells led to decreased mitochondrial biogenesis as the NRF-2 levels diminishes as the concentration of the drug increases. The anti-oxidant levels are getting down in the cancer cells leading to ROS accumulation in the cancer cells leading ultimately to the death. Quercetin and PEITC treatment to the normal HBL-100 cells induced the mitochondrial biogenesis by increasing NRF-2 levels as the concentration of the drug increases. Confocal microscopy results also proved that treatment of quercetin or PEITC or the combination of both drugs was found to be effective in cancer cells as the mitochondria size and shape got decreased interpreted through the intensity of green dye. To conclude our study, it has been shown that quercetin and PEITC lead to increased mitochondrial biogenesis in normal cells whereas decreased mitochondrial biogenesis in cancer cells.