Zoology - Research Publications

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Author: search.filters.author.Vellingiri, BalachandarSubject: search.filters.subject.Parkinson�s disease (PD)

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    Assessment of tRNAThr and tRNAGln Variants and Mitochondrial Functionality in Parkinson�s Disease (PD) Patients of Tamil Nadu Population
    (Springer, 2023-10-17T00:00:00) Venkatesan, Dhivya; Iyer, Mahalaxmi; Raj, Neethu; Gopalakrishnan, Abilash Valsala; Narayanasamy, Arul; Kumar, Nachimuthu Senthil; Vellingiri, Balachandar
    Parkinson�s disease (PD) is speculated with genetic and environmental factors. At molecular level, the mitochondrial impact is stated to be one of the causative reasons for PD. In this study, we investigated the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels along with mitochondrial tRNA alterations among three age categories of PD. By determining the genetic and organellar functionality using molecular techniques, the ROS levels were reported to be high with decreased MMP and ATP in the late-onset age group than in other two age categories. Likewise, the tRNA significancy in tRNAThr and tRNAGln was noticed with C4335T and G15927A mutations in late-onset and early-onset PD groups respectively. Therefore, from the findings, ageing has shown a disruption in tRNA metabolism leading to critical functioning of ATP synthesis and MMP, causing oxidative stress in PD patients. These physiological outcomes show that ageing has a keen role in the divergence of mitochondrial function, thereby proving a correlation with ageing and maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis in PD. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    Retinal Changes in Parkinson�s Disease: A Non-invasive Biomarker for Early Diagnosis
    (Springer, 2023-10-13T00:00:00) Subramaniam, Mohana Devi; Aishwarya Janaki, P.; Abishek Kumar, B.; Gopalarethinam, Janani; Nair, Aswathy P.; Mahalaxmi, I.; Vellingiri, Balachandar
    Parkinson�s disease (PD) is caused due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) which leads to the depletion of dopamine in the body. The lack of dopamine is mainly due to aggregation of misfolded ?-synuclein which causes motor impairment in PD. Dopamine is also required for normal retinal function and the light�dark vision cycle. Misfolded ?-synuclein present in inner retinal layers causes vision-associated problems in PD patients. Hence, individuals with PD also experience structural and functional changes in the retina. Mutation in LRRK2, PARK2, PARK7, PINK1, or SNCA genes and mitochondria dysfunction also play a role in the pathophysiology of PD. In this review, we discussed the different etiologies which lead to PD and future prospects of employing non-invasive techniques and retinal changes to diagnose the onset of PD earlier. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.