Microbiology - Research Publications

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/51

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Author: search.filters.author.Kaur, Sukhchain

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    Understanding the multifaceted role of miRNAs in Alzheimer�s disease pathology
    (Springer, 2023-07-28T00:00:00) Kaur, Sharanjot; Verma, Harkomal; Kaur, Sukhchain; Gangwar, Prabhakar; Yadav, Anuradha; Yadav, Bharti; Rao, Rashmi; Dhiman, Monisha; Mantha, Anil Kumar
    Small non-coding RNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA and mediating its degradation or inhibiting translation. Since miRNAs can regulate the expression of several genes, they have multiple roles to play in biological processes and human diseases. The majority of miRNAs are known to be expressed in the brain and are involved in synaptic functions, thus marking their presence and role in major neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer�s disease (AD). In AD, amyloid beta (A?) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are known to be the major hallmarks. The clearance of A? and tau is known to be associated with miRNA dysregulation. In addition, the ?-site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE 1), which cleaves APP to form A?, is also found to be regulated by miRNAs, thus directly affecting A? accumulation. Growing evidences suggest that neuroinflammation can be an initial event in AD pathology, and miRNAs have been linked with the regulation of neuroinflammation. Inflammatory disorders have also been associated with AD pathology, and exosomes associated with miRNAs are known to regulate brain inflammation, suggesting for the role of systemic miRNAs in AD pathology. Several miRNAs have been related in AD, years before the clinical symptoms appear, most of which are associated with regulating the cell cycle, immune system, stress responses, cellular senescence, nerve growth factor (NGF)�signaling, and synaptic regulation. Phytochemicals, especially polyphenols, alter the expression of various miRNAs by binding to miRNAs or binding to the transcriptional activators of miRNAs, thus control/alter various metabolic pathways. Awing to the sundry biological processes being regulated by miRNAs in the brain and regulation of expression of miRNAs via phytochemicals, miRNAs and the regulatory bioactive phytochemicals can serve as therapeutic agents in the treatment and management of AD. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    Correlative study on heavy metal-induced oxidative stress and hypertension among the rural population of Malwa Region of Punjab, India
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-07-26T00:00:00) Kaur, Sukhchain; Garg, Neha; Rubal, Rubal; Dhiman, Monisha
    Heavy metal-induced toxicity contributes to the progression of various metabolic disorders and possible mechanisms involved in disease progression are not well established. In this study, the correlation of heavy metal exposure and hypertension have been demonstrated. The results showed that in hypertensive subjects, the lipid profiles (triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, and total cholesterol) and cardiac markers (CK-MB and LDH) were altered abruptly. As a consequence of heavy- induced oxidative stress, the oxidants (TBARS and protein carbonyls) and antioxidants (SOD, GSH, and TAC) were significantly increased and decreased, respectively in hypertension�subjects. The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and As) exceeded the permissible limits in hypertensive subjects. The Nrf-2 genotyping indicated that heavy metals may induce mutations at molecular level. The results of correlation analysis revealed that�the heavy metals interact with cellular components and interfere with metabolic processes which then�results in disturbed lipid profile, enhanced oxidative stress, and reduced antioxidant status. The current study systematically estimated the association of hair and nail heavy metal concentrations with hypertension among the population residing in the Malwa region of Punjab. The proposed study highlighted that heavy metals act as a silent risk factor in the hypertension progression in the population of Malwa region. Future studies are required to confirm current findings and further scrutinize the effect of heavy metals exposure in early adulthood, early, and late mid-life to develop metabolic complications such as hypertension. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    Understanding the multifaceted role of miRNAs in Alzheimer�s disease pathology
    (Springer, 2023-07-28T00:00:00) Kaur, Sharanjot; Verma, Harkomal; Kaur, Sukhchain; Gangwar, Prabhakar; Yadav, Anuradha; Yadav, Bharti; Rao, Rashmi; Dhiman, Monisha; Mantha, Anil Kumar
    Small non-coding RNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA and mediating its degradation or inhibiting translation. Since miRNAs can regulate the expression of several genes, they have multiple roles to play in biological processes and human diseases. The majority of miRNAs are known to be expressed in the brain and are involved in synaptic functions, thus marking their presence and role in major neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer�s disease (AD). In AD, amyloid beta (A?) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are known to be the major hallmarks. The clearance of A? and tau is known to be associated with miRNA dysregulation. In addition, the ?-site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE 1), which cleaves APP to form A?, is also found to be regulated by miRNAs, thus directly affecting A? accumulation. Growing evidences suggest that neuroinflammation can be an initial event in AD pathology, and miRNAs have been linked with the regulation of neuroinflammation. Inflammatory disorders have also been associated with AD pathology, and exosomes associated with miRNAs are known to regulate brain inflammation, suggesting for the role of systemic miRNAs in AD pathology. Several miRNAs have been related in AD, years before the clinical symptoms appear, most of which are associated with regulating the cell cycle, immune system, stress responses, cellular senescence, nerve growth factor (NGF)�signaling, and synaptic regulation. Phytochemicals, especially polyphenols, alter the expression of various miRNAs by binding to miRNAs or binding to the transcriptional activators of miRNAs, thus control/alter various metabolic pathways. Awing to the sundry biological processes being regulated by miRNAs in the brain and regulation of expression of miRNAs via phytochemicals, miRNAs and the regulatory bioactive phytochemicals can serve as therapeutic agents in the treatment and management of AD. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Correlative study on heavy metal-induced oxidative stress and hypertension among the rural population of Malwa Region of Punjab, India
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-07-26T00:00:00) Kaur, Sukhchain; Garg, Neha; Rubal, Rubal; Dhiman, Monisha
    Heavy metal-induced toxicity contributes to the progression of various metabolic disorders and possible mechanisms involved in disease progression are not well established. In this study, the correlation of heavy metal exposure and hypertension have been demonstrated. The results showed that in hypertensive subjects, the lipid profiles (triglycerides, LDL-C, HDL-C, and total cholesterol) and cardiac markers (CK-MB and LDH) were altered abruptly. As a consequence of heavy- induced oxidative stress, the oxidants (TBARS and protein carbonyls) and antioxidants (SOD, GSH, and TAC) were significantly increased and decreased, respectively in hypertension�subjects. The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and As) exceeded the permissible limits in hypertensive subjects. The Nrf-2 genotyping indicated that heavy metals may induce mutations at molecular level. The results of correlation analysis revealed that�the heavy metals interact with cellular components and interfere with metabolic processes which then�results in disturbed lipid profile, enhanced oxidative stress, and reduced antioxidant status. The current study systematically estimated the association of hair and nail heavy metal concentrations with hypertension among the population residing in the Malwa region of Punjab. The proposed study highlighted that heavy metals act as a silent risk factor in the hypertension progression in the population of Malwa region. Future studies are required to confirm current findings and further scrutinize the effect of heavy metals exposure in early adulthood, early, and late mid-life to develop metabolic complications such as hypertension. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.