Botany - Research Publications
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Item Concise review of green algal genus Monostroma Thuret(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022-10-27T00:00:00) Kaur, Manpreet; Kala, Swarna; Parida, Aseema; Bast, FelixMonostroma (Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) is the most intensively cultivated genus among green seaweeds, accounting for over 90% of total green algal cultivation. It is commonly found in the eulittoral zones of marine and estuarine habitats, thus contributing significantly to the ecology of the coastal ecosystem. Morphologically, the frond of Monostroma is blade-like with eponymous one-cell thickness; therefore, it is also known as �Slender sea lettuce�. Monostroma nitidum is often used for salad ingredients, boiled tsukudani, soups, etc., due to its health benefits. Monostroma kuroshiense is commercially cultivated in�East Asia�and�South America�for the edible product "hitoegusa-nori" or "hirohano-hitoegusa nori", popular�sushi�wraps. This genus remains one of the well-studied seaweed genera for ecophysiology, habitat-dependent seasonality of its growth pattern, gametangial ontogeny and phylogenetics. Moreover, rhamnan sulfate (RS), a sulfated polysaccharide, is the main component of the fiber extracted from�M. nitidum and studied for various biological activities. This review presents the taxonomy, morphology, anatomy, life history, distribution, ecology, physiology, cultivation and harvesting, chemical composition, and biotechnological applications of this genus. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.Item Concise review of green algal genus Monostroma Thuret(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2022-10-27T00:00:00) Kaur, Manpreet; Kala, Swarna; Parida, Aseema; Bast, FelixMonostroma (Ulotrichales, Chlorophyta) is the most intensively cultivated genus among green seaweeds, accounting for over 90% of total green algal cultivation. It is commonly found in the eulittoral zones of marine and estuarine habitats, thus contributing significantly to the ecology of the coastal ecosystem. Morphologically, the frond of Monostroma is blade-like with eponymous one-cell thickness; therefore, it is also known as �Slender sea lettuce�. Monostroma nitidum is often used for salad ingredients, boiled tsukudani, soups, etc., due to its health benefits. Monostroma kuroshiense is commercially cultivated in�East Asia�and�South America�for the edible product "hitoegusa-nori" or "hirohano-hitoegusa nori", popular�sushi�wraps. This genus remains one of the well-studied seaweed genera for ecophysiology, habitat-dependent seasonality of its growth pattern, gametangial ontogeny and phylogenetics. Moreover, rhamnan sulfate (RS), a sulfated polysaccharide, is the main component of the fiber extracted from�M. nitidum and studied for various biological activities. This review presents the taxonomy, morphology, anatomy, life history, distribution, ecology, physiology, cultivation and harvesting, chemical composition, and biotechnological applications of this genus. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.Item Taxonomic reappraisal of Monostromataceae (Ulvophyceae: Chlorophyta) based on multi-locus phylogeny(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2015) Bast, FelixMonostromataceae have been considered a morphologically discrete group of green algae having thalli made up of a single layer of cells; the family is ubiquitous in intertidal zones of marine and estuarine habitats across the world., However, this view blocks the real complexity of these algae. Using phylogeny reconstruction methods based on five independent molecular data sets (namely, ITS1, ITS2, 5.8S, nrDNA 18S, and rbcL), evolutionary history of this family was inferred for the first time. Results show that monostromatacean algae that have the typical Codiolum-stage sporophyte in the life cycle belong to three clades within Ulotrichales. The present study also suggests that both Ulotrichales and Ulvales are polyphyletic. This report demonstrates for the first time that the 5.8S gene, an often overlooked nucleoribosomal cistron, is a powerful locus for algal phylogeny reconstruction at higher taxonomic levels. ? 2015 ? 2015 Dipartimento di Biologia, Universit? di Firenze.Item Brown barcoded as red but reality is green! How epiphytic green algae confuse phycologists?(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2015) Bast, Felix; Bhushan, S.; John, A.A.Promises and perils of DNA barcoding are now well-known, but no studies have revealed the extent of taxonomic misidentification of algal specimens available in primary DNA sequence repositories. Our original objective was to assess the molecular identity of the ubiquitous brown alga Turbinaria ornata (Sargassaceae:, Fucales) from the southeast Indian coast. We extracted total genomic DNA from freshly collected algal thalli and sequenced the nuclear ribosomal DNA Internal Transcribed Spacer-1 (nrDNA ITS1) barcode locus. Following a BLASTn DNA sequence similarity search, the identity of our alga was Laurencia thyrsifera, a Pacific red alga that has never been reported in India, which came as a big surprise. Further analyses of BLAST hits using a robust phylogenetic framework of Bayesian Inference led to the conclusion that our sequence belonged to an epiphytic Ulvellacean green algal genus Ulvella, which might have been extracted and amplified with our universal ITS primers. This is the first report for Ulvella from India, and detection of this alga growing on Turbinaria. Our Bayesian analyses revealed that a number of GenBank accessions of this epiphyte are misidentified as red algae, which are published in some of the reputed phycological and botanical journals. This finding could have a profound impact on several of the fallacious phylogenetic conclusions arrived at in these publications. ? 2015 Dipartimento di Biologia, Universit? di Firenze.