Botany - Research Publications

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/32

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Author: search.filters.author.Roy, Joy

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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Rethinking underutilized cereal crops: pan-omics integration and green system biology
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-09-30T00:00:00) Rahim, Mohammed Saba; Sharma, Vinita; Pragati Yadav; Parveen, Afsana; Kumar, Adarsh; Roy, Joy; Kumar, Vinay
    Main conclusion: Due to harsh lifestyle changes, in the present era, nutritional security is needed along with food security so it is necessary to include underutilized cereal crops (UCCs) in our daily diet to counteract the rising danger of human metabolic illness. We can attain both the goal of zero hunger and nutritional security by developing improved UCCs using advanced pan-omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, nutrigenomics, phenomics and ionomics) practices. Abstract: Plant sciences research progressed profoundly since the last few decades with the introduction of advanced technologies and approaches, addressing issues of food demand of the growing population, nutritional security challenges and climate change. However, throughout the expansion and popularization of commonly consumed major cereal crops such as wheat and rice, other cereal crops such as millet, rye, sorghum, and others were impeded, despite their potential medicinal and nutraceutical qualities. Undoubtedly neglected underutilized cereal crops (UCCs) also have the capability to withstand diverse climate change. To relieve the burden of major crops, it is necessary to introduce the new crops in our diet in the way of UCCs. Introgression of agronomically and nutritionally important traits by pan-omics approaches in UCCs could be a defining moment for the population�s well-being on the globe. This review discusses the importance of underutilized cereal crops, as well as the application of contemporary omics techniques and advanced bioinformatics tools that could open up new avenues for future study and be valuable assets in the development and usage of UCCs in the perspective of green system biology. The increased and improved use of UCCs is dependent on number of factors that necessitate a concerted research effort in agricultural sciences. The emergence of functional genomics with molecular genetics might gear toward the reawakening of interest in underutilized cereals crops. The need of this era is to focus on potential UCCs in advanced agriculture and breeding programmes. Hence, targeting the UCCs, might provide a bright future for better health and scientific rationale for its use. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    Genetic dissection of quantitative traits loci identifies new genes for gelatinization parameters of starch and amylose-lipid complex (Resistant starch 5) in bread wheat
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2022-09-08T00:00:00) Rahim, Mohammed Saba; Kumar, Vinay; Roy, Joy
    Starch is a major component of cereal grains such as wheat. Physicochemical and functional properties of starch affect end-use food quality and nutrients. To improve cultivars that preserve superior starch quality, the genetic foundation of the wheat starch and amylose-lipid complex (ALc, Resistant starch type 5) gelatinization are needed. This genome-wide association (GWA) mapping used 192 wheat genotypes (previously reported) to generate SNPs using an enhanced version of sequencing termed ddRAD on the Illumina Hi-seq X platform and 3696 high-quality influential SNPs were filtered out. The heterozygosity and Fst ranges in five subpopulations were 0.31�0.40 and 0.18�0.30 respectively. Nucleotide diversity and PIC ranged from 0.21 (6A) to 0.32 (2A) and 0.29 (6A) to 0.39 (4D) respectively. The Shannon waiver index was 1.7 and the whole-genome LD decay was 22 Mb at r2 = 0.38. Following FDR, 23 and 8 SNPs showed association with starch properties in the year 2017 and 2018, respectively while 93 and 20 SNPs were associated with ALc gelatinization in the year 2017 and 2018 respectively. The identified potential new genes (GSK3-alpha, RING-type domain-containing protein, Tetratricopeptide repeat, Hexosyltransferase, GLP, SNF1, and WRKY transcription factor) within LD range (?16 Kb to ?15 Mb), BLUP value, and cis and trans-position of SNPs network provide valuable information for the future wheat breeding strategy for the improvement of the starch quality trait. � 2022 Elsevier B.V.
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    High resistant starch mutant wheat �TAC 35� reduced glycemia and ameliorated high fat diet induced metabolic dysregulation in mice
    (Academic Press, 2022-03-18T00:00:00) Rahim, Mohammed Saba; Kumar, Vibhu; Mishra, Ankita; Fandade, Vikas; Kumar, Vinay; Kiran kondepudi, Kanthi; Bishnoi, Mahendra; Roy, Joy
    Dietary supplementation of low glycemic index (GI) food obtained from cereal crops is affordable and can reduce the risk of developing diseases such as diabetes, coronary heart disease, obesity and colon cancer. In this study, two high resistant starch (HRS) wheat mutant lines (�TAC 35� and �TAC 28�) showed up to 25% drop in GI compared to parent wheat variety �C 306� in mice (P ? 0.001). Further, the best low GI mutant line, �TAC 35� was used to observe its health benefit effects against high fat diet (HFD) for 10-weeks in C57BL/6J mice model. The mutant showed a significant reduction in body weight and tissues (fat, liver, spleen) weight from ?23.5 to 68.4% with respect to HFD. It also showed significant increase in glucose tolerance (41%), insulin sensitivity (28%), liver SOD (26%), serum SOD (16.3%) and significant decrease in liver H2O2 (29%) and serum H2O2 (35%), LDL (39%) and total cholesterol (7%), pro-inflammatory markers: IL-6 (9.56%) and TNF? (23.32%). Furthermore, the HRS diet fostered a healthy bacterial population and resulted in a profound boost in butyrate (40%), lactate (23%), and acetate (28%). Besides, the HRS diet's preventative efficacy was also revealed by the expression of disease-related genes. This study emphasizes the critical health benefits of HRS-low GI wheat which may be promoted for obese and diabetic populations. � 2022 Elsevier Ltd
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    Rethinking underutilized cereal crops: pan-omics integration and green system biology
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023-09-30T00:00:00) Rahim, Mohammed Saba; Sharma, Vinita; Pragati Yadav; Parveen, Afsana; Kumar, Adarsh; Roy, Joy; Kumar, Vinay
    Main conclusion: Due to harsh lifestyle changes, in the present era, nutritional security is needed along with food security so it is necessary to include underutilized cereal crops (UCCs) in our daily diet to counteract the rising danger of human metabolic illness. We can attain both the goal of zero hunger and nutritional security by developing improved UCCs using advanced pan-omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, nutrigenomics, phenomics and ionomics) practices. Abstract: Plant sciences research progressed profoundly since the last few decades with the introduction of advanced technologies and approaches, addressing issues of food demand of the growing population, nutritional security challenges and climate change. However, throughout the expansion and popularization of commonly consumed major cereal crops such as wheat and rice, other cereal crops such as millet, rye, sorghum, and others were impeded, despite their potential medicinal and nutraceutical qualities. Undoubtedly neglected underutilized cereal crops (UCCs) also have the capability to withstand diverse climate change. To relieve the burden of major crops, it is necessary to introduce the new crops in our diet in the way of UCCs. Introgression of agronomically and nutritionally important traits by pan-omics approaches in UCCs could be a defining moment for the population�s well-being on the globe. This review discusses the importance of underutilized cereal crops, as well as the application of contemporary omics techniques and advanced bioinformatics tools that could open up new avenues for future study and be valuable assets in the development and usage of UCCs in the perspective of green system biology. The increased and improved use of UCCs is dependent on number of factors that necessitate a concerted research effort in agricultural sciences. The emergence of functional genomics with molecular genetics might gear toward the reawakening of interest in underutilized cereals crops. The need of this era is to focus on potential UCCs in advanced agriculture and breeding programmes. Hence, targeting the UCCs, might provide a bright future for better health and scientific rationale for its use. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
  • No Thumbnail Available
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    Genetic dissection of quantitative traits loci identifies new genes for gelatinization parameters of starch and amylose-lipid complex (Resistant starch 5) in bread wheat
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2022-09-08T00:00:00) Rahim, Mohammed Saba; Kumar, Vinay; Roy, Joy
    Starch is a major component of cereal grains such as wheat. Physicochemical and functional properties of starch affect end-use food quality and nutrients. To improve cultivars that preserve superior starch quality, the genetic foundation of the wheat starch and amylose-lipid complex (ALc, Resistant starch type 5) gelatinization are needed. This genome-wide association (GWA) mapping used 192 wheat genotypes (previously reported) to generate SNPs using an enhanced version of sequencing termed ddRAD on the Illumina Hi-seq X platform and 3696 high-quality influential SNPs were filtered out. The heterozygosity and Fst ranges in five subpopulations were 0.31�0.40 and 0.18�0.30 respectively. Nucleotide diversity and PIC ranged from 0.21 (6A) to 0.32 (2A) and 0.29 (6A) to 0.39 (4D) respectively. The Shannon waiver index was 1.7 and the whole-genome LD decay was 22 Mb at r2 = 0.38. Following FDR, 23 and 8 SNPs showed association with starch properties in the year 2017 and 2018, respectively while 93 and 20 SNPs were associated with ALc gelatinization in the year 2017 and 2018 respectively. The identified potential new genes (GSK3-alpha, RING-type domain-containing protein, Tetratricopeptide repeat, Hexosyltransferase, GLP, SNF1, and WRKY transcription factor) within LD range (?16 Kb to ?15 Mb), BLUP value, and cis and trans-position of SNPs network provide valuable information for the future wheat breeding strategy for the improvement of the starch quality trait. � 2022 Elsevier B.V.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    High resistant starch mutant wheat �TAC 35� reduced glycemia and ameliorated high fat diet induced metabolic dysregulation in mice
    (Academic Press, 2022-03-18T00:00:00) Rahim, Mohammed Saba; Kumar, Vibhu; Mishra, Ankita; Fandade, Vikas; Kumar, Vinay; Kiran kondepudi, Kanthi; Bishnoi, Mahendra; Roy, Joy
    Dietary supplementation of low glycemic index (GI) food obtained from cereal crops is affordable and can reduce the risk of developing diseases such as diabetes, coronary heart disease, obesity and colon cancer. In this study, two high resistant starch (HRS) wheat mutant lines (�TAC 35� and �TAC 28�) showed up to 25% drop in GI compared to parent wheat variety �C 306� in mice (P ? 0.001). Further, the best low GI mutant line, �TAC 35� was used to observe its health benefit effects against high fat diet (HFD) for 10-weeks in C57BL/6J mice model. The mutant showed a significant reduction in body weight and tissues (fat, liver, spleen) weight from ?23.5 to 68.4% with respect to HFD. It also showed significant increase in glucose tolerance (41%), insulin sensitivity (28%), liver SOD (26%), serum SOD (16.3%) and significant decrease in liver H2O2 (29%) and serum H2O2 (35%), LDL (39%) and total cholesterol (7%), pro-inflammatory markers: IL-6 (9.56%) and TNF? (23.32%). Furthermore, the HRS diet fostered a healthy bacterial population and resulted in a profound boost in butyrate (40%), lactate (23%), and acetate (28%). Besides, the HRS diet's preventative efficacy was also revealed by the expression of disease-related genes. This study emphasizes the critical health benefits of HRS-low GI wheat which may be promoted for obese and diabetic populations. � 2022 Elsevier Ltd