Psychology - Master Dissertation

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/147

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Author: search.filters.author.Najar, Sajad AhmadHas files: No

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    Driving errors as a function of listening to music and FM radio: A simulator study
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023-10-10T00:00:00) Nageswara Rao, A.; Jeyapaul, R.; Najar, Sajad Ahmad; Chaitanya, B.
    Objectives: Driving is a dynamic activity that takes place in a constantly changing environment, carrying safety implications not only for the driver but also for other road users. Despite the potentially life-threatening consequences of incorrect driving behavior, drivers often engage in activities unrelated to driving. This study aims to investigate the frequency and types of errors committed by drivers when they are distracted compared to when they are not distracted. Methods: A total of 64 young male participants volunteered for the study, completing four driving trials in a driving simulator. The trials consisted of different distraction conditions: listening to researcher-selected music, driver-selected music, FM radio conversation, and driving without any auditory distractions. The simulated driving scenario resembled a semi-urban environment, with a track length of 12 km. Results: The findings of the study indicate that drivers are more prone to making errors when engaged in FM radio conversations compared to listening to music. Additionally, errors related to speeding were found to be more prevalent across all experimental conditions. Conclusions: These results emphasize the significance of reducing distractions while driving to improve road safety. The findings add to our understanding of the particular distractions that carry higher risks and underscore the necessity for focused interventions to reduce driver errors, especially related to FM radio conversations. Future research can delve into additional factors that contribute to driving errors and develop effective strategies to promote safer driving practices. � 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    In-Vehicle Interaction Systems, Eye Movements, and Safety
    (SAGE Publications Inc., 2022-10-10T00:00:00) Khanganba, Sanjram Premjit; Najar, Sajad Ahmad
    In-vehicle interactive systems are widely used in modern vehicles. While these systems serve various purposes, they are also potential distracters for drivers. In this study we investigated the effect of in-vehicle spatial distractions on driving errors and driver gaze behavior by developing an experimental paradigm named, �Direction Following in Distracted Driving � Spatial: Simultaneous and Sequential (D3-SSS).� Twenty-seven drivers voluntarily participated and were required to drive an instrumented vehicle on a two-lane test-track, following directions shown on direction signboards. While driving, drivers were required to respond to in-vehicle spatial distracting stimuli presented to them through a monitor attached to the dashboard. The drivers were randomly assigned to in-vehicle spatial-simultaneous and spatial-sequential distraction conditions. Our results demonstrated that, in comparison with spatial-sequential distractions, there were shorter eye fixation durations and fewer eye fixation counts on areas of interest (AOIs) during spatial-simultaneous distractions. We also found that drivers committed more driving errors during in-vehicle spatial-simultaneous distractions than when these were not occurring. In conclusion, drivers committed more slips than lapses, and spatial-simultaneous distraction was more detrimental to driving performance than was spatial-sequential distraction. � The Author(s) 2022.
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    Experience of Cognitive Workload During In-Vehicle Distractions
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-06-06T00:00:00) Khanganba, Sanjram Premjit; Najar, Sajad Ahmad
    Drivers� ability to capture driving related information, interpretation and timely action upon that information determines safe driving. However, the cognitive resources of the driver to perceive, interpret, and execute driving related information are limited. The limitation of cognitive resources brings the issue of cognitive workload in focus. In the light of this understanding, the current study examines in-vehicle object and spatial distractions in terms of their effect on cognitive workload experienced by drivers. 47 drivers voluntarily participated in this test-track study. Equal number of drivers were randomly assigned to in-vehicle object and spatial distraction conditions. Drivers assigned to object distraction condition had to process object appearance information whereas under spatial distraction they had to process spatial information. After the completion of the drive, each driver�s cognitive workload was assessed by using�National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX). It was observed that there is a significant difference between in-vehicle object and spatial distraction with respect to their effect on cognitive workload. The results indicate that the drivers experienced more cognitive workload during object distraction. Multiple regression analysis of cognitive workload reveals that temporal demand, effort, and performance dimensions are significant predictors of overall cognitive workload, but the other three dimensions (i.e., mental demand, physical demand and frustration level) are not. Further, the stepwise analysis of the dimensions of NASA-TLX showed that temporal demand is the most dominant factor which contributed to 85% of the cognitive workload experienced by the drivers. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.