South And Central Asian Studies - Mphil Thesis

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/99

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China-pakistan strategic relationship : Implication for south asia
(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Naiko, Ghulam Mohiudin; Kaushiki, Nishtha
Strategic relations between the two countries were established in 1972. Ever since then the two countries have given to each other the much required political and diplomatic support on various issues like, Kashmir, Tibet, Taiwan and Xinjiang, etc. In this study, an attempt has been made to first analyse the rationale behind the Sino-Pak relationship. How and why India is a major factor in their bilateral relations has been probed into. The study discusses the scope of their strategic relationship. The next section of this research includes the implications of their strategic relations on South Asia and particular emphasis has been placed on India. It has been analysed how strategic relation between the countries work for tying down India to South Asia?. The second part of the dissertation has dealt with the recent geopolitical shifts in the region that have further cemented their bilateral relationship, such as Indo-US nuclear deal and a ten year defense pact; Asia pivot etc. It has brought to surface the shifting Asian balance of power and how the Sino-Pak strategic relations affect India. Finally, the study is an attempt to recommend some policy measures for India that it can adopt for neutralising the affects of their strategic partnership on its foreign policy and larger strategic goals.
Indo-russian defence cooperation, 1991-2011
(Central University of Punjab, 2013) Mubarik, Mudasir; Kaushiki, Nishtha
The purpose of the present study is to meticulously trace the origin and subsequent strengthening of the Indo-Russian defence ties that finally culminated into the formation of Indo-Russian joint ventures with the deal on BrahMos missile. The year 1991 has been specifically chosen because it marked the end of the cold war and the disintegration of the Soviet Union. The study first brings to the surface the fact that in British India, the country was highly dependent upon the British weapons and ammunitions. Thus, the possible role of other countries in the Indian defence market was completely ruled out. India gained its independence in 1947 which coincided with the beginning of the Cold War period. The study then moves to explore the cold war conditions under which India developed strategic relations with Russia. Bilateral relations between the two countries were established on 1950's. It was due to the cold war conditions coupled with India's adoption of a mixed economic system and a planned economy that brought the two nations closer to each other. Bilateral relations since the very inception were focused on the defence trade and because of this reason the relations soon culminated into strategic one. In the due course of the Cold War, as the U.S. role in the South Asian affairs tilted heavily in favour of Pakistan, Russia saw it as an opportunity for its defence sector and also for itself to expand its sphere of influence in the South Asian region. Since then the arms have been imported from Russia. v From 1960 to 1990 India imported conventional arms and ammunitions worth U.S. $ ten to fifteen billion with some of the major arms being transferred as MiG, AN-12, MI- 4 and other arms. The depth of Indo-Russian strategic relations was at its peak in the 1971 India Pakistan war when the two nations signed the treaty of friendship. Though the study analyses the defence deals made by the two countries in a great depth, it also examines the individual role of the leadership of both the countries in taking the relationship ahead. Stalin was apprehensive about India's role in the region during the cold war and it was labeled as 'pro-capitalist'. A favorable shift in the policy towards India was seen during the reign of Khrushchev. Relations under the Indian leadership of Nehru gained an impetus. The problems that have been faced by the Indian defence sector are delays in the delivery of the consignments, high prices of the Russian imports as compared to the earlier Soviet arms supplies, Russian arms being less competitive than their western counterparts etc. All these issues pose a serious challenge for India. In 2000 India decided to diversify its sources of arms. With this, Israel, Germany, U.S. and other European nations were being viewed as potential partners. It was during this phase that Russia also sought new partners for itself and it forged new relationships with China and Pakistan. Thus, both the countries shifted their attention from each other and focused primarily on the market forces that played its role in the defence sector. India, however, could not do away with Russian technology for its defence equipments because of its past imports- finding a partner country for spare parts would have been tough. Thus, we see that despite India's quest for new relationships in the defence sector, the Indian army's arms and ammunitions is largely Russian dominated. After tracing the historical roots of the defence relations of the two nations, the study then moves to analyze joint ventures in the defence sector-yet another important aspect of the defence bilateral relations of the two countries. Agreements for the joint ventures were materialized in 1998 whereby both the nations agreed on brahmos co production. This agreement initiated a new chapter for the Indo-Russian defence cooperation. vi The study concludes with a brief summary of the dissertation and recommends that India should engage with Russia without deviating from current programs with other suppliers. Russia should manufacture the competitive arms and deliver to India at reasonable prices and on time. India and Russia should focus on long run military contracts to maintain the time tested friendship.
Obama's asia pivot policy : Implications for south asia
(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Ramzan, Hilal; Kaushiki, Nishtha
One of the hallmarks of US President Barrack Obama's foreign policy is the 'pivot to Asia'. This policy is aimed at rebalancing US defence policies towards Asia. The Obama administration has rearticulated its policy away from the Middle East toward the Asia-Pacific. The focus of this research is on the strategic aspect of the policy. Under this rebalancing strategy, Washington, aims to increase its naval presence from the current 50/50 split between Atlantic and Asia-pacific to 40/60 respectively by 2020. Further, the geographical scope of the Asia-Pacific has been defined as 'stretching from the Indian subcontinent to the western shores of the America's, the region spans two oceans, the Pacific and the Indian oceans that are increasingly linked by shipping and strategy. As India has been termed as a 'linchpin' of this policy; it is going to be more affected. This research is a humble attempt to analyze the consequences of the Pivot on South Asian countries, with special focus on India. The first section of the dissertation discusses the rise of China and US's relative decline in order to explain the background of the pivot. It then moves on to discuss the changing geopolitical shifts in the Asian balance of power. This part sets to explain how the US and Chinese competing interests have changed the security architecture of Asia and how South Asian countries, particularly India is going to deal with it. Finally, the study would attempt to recommend some measures that India could adopt and benefit from the geopolitical opportunity from the emerging competition between US and China.
Women explotation in contemporary south asia: Field experiences of child marriage in bathinda district
(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Kaur, Manpreet; Kaushiki, Nishtha
Women are exploited at every step of her life. Child Marriage and marital violence happens to be the first phase and is one of the ways in which women are exploited. The present research is an attempt to bring to the surface various underlying causes and effects of Child marriage in their life. It is also a humble attempt to recommend some measures to stop child marriages and sexual abuse of the child bride/ marital rape cases. For this purpose, case studies from Bathinda District of Punjab have been selected for the field study. The study tries to evaluate the extent to which women have utilised the legislative measures against these two activities, experiences of the victims and the socio-economic causes behind the problem. Thus, this study is of immense importance for women empowerment as it attempts to create awareness among the people on the issue.