Pharmacology - Research Publications

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/111

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Endoplasmic reticulum stress

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    Endoplasmic reticulum stress in Alzheimer's disease: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic prospects
    (Elsevier Inc., 2023-07-29T00:00:00) Nagar, Pushank; Sharma, Prajjwal; Dhapola, Rishika; Kumari, Sneha; Medhi, Bikash; HariKrishnaReddy, Dibbanti
    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition that leads to memory loss and cognitive impairment over time. It is characterized by protein misfolding as well as prolonged cellular stress, such as perturbing calcium homeostasis and redox management. Numerous investigations have proven that endoplasmic reticulum failure may exhibit exacerbation of AD pathogenesis in AD patients, in-vivo and in-vitro models. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) participates in a variety of biological functions including folding of protein, quality control, cholesterol production, and maintenance of calcium balance. A diverse range of physiological, pathological and pharmacological substances can interfere with ER activity and thus lead to exaggeration of ER stress. The unfolded protein response (UPR), an intracellular signaling network is stimulated due to ER stress. Three stress sensors found in the endoplasmic reticulum, the PERK, ATF6, and IRE1 transducers detect protein misfolding in the ER and trigger UPR, a complex system to maintain homeostasis. ER stress is linked to many of the major pathological processes that are seen in AD, including presenilin1 and 2 (PS1 and PS2) gene mutation, tau phosphorylation and ?-amyloid formation. The role of ER stress and UPR in the pathophysiology of AD implies that they can be employed as potent therapeutic target. This study shows the relationship between ER and AD and how the pathogenesis of AD is influenced by the impact of ER stress. An effective method for the prevention or treatment of AD may involve therapeutic strategies that modify ER stress pathways. � 2023 Elsevier Inc.
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    Caspase-mediated regulation of the distinct signaling pathways and mechanisms in neuronal survival
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022-06-16T00:00:00) Khan, Heena; Bangar, Annu; Grewal, Amarjot Kaur; Bansal, Puneet; Singh, Thakur Gurjeet
    Caspases are intimately associated with altering various signaling pathways, resulting in programmed cell death or apoptosis. Apoptosis is necessary for the normal homeostasis of cells and their development. The untoward activation of apoptotic pathways indirectly or directly results in pathologies of various diseases. Identifying different caspases in apoptotic pathways directed the research to develop caspase inhibitors as therapeutic agents. However, no drug is available in the market that targets caspase inhibition and produces a therapeutic effect. Here, we will shed light on the role of caspases in the number of neuronal disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. The article reviews the findings about the activation of various upstream mechanisms associated with caspases in neurodegenerative disorders along with the recent progress in the generation of caspase inhibitors and the challenge faced in their development as therapeutic agents for neurological indications. � 2022 Elsevier B.V.