Pharmacology - Research Publications

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/111

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    Impact of noscapine on halting the progression of pentylenetetrazole induced kindling epilepsy in mice
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023-09-19T00:00:00) Gupta, Rishav; Soni, Divya; Upadhayay, Shubham; Dhureja, Maanvi; Kumar, Puneet
    Epilepsy is caused by an excessive recurrent excitatory neuronal firing, characterized by motor, psychomotor, and sensory impairments. Current therapies fail to produce 100% outcomes because of the complexity of the disease, poor diagnosis, and upsurge�to drug-resistant epilepsy. The study repurposed�the drug �noscapine��mainly known for its anti-tussive properties. For the management of epilepsy and its associated secondary complications. To confirm the effect of noscapine, adult mice were injected with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) (35 mg/kg i.p.) on an alternate day for 29 days to induce epilepsy. Animals were pretreated with noscapine in three doses (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg i.p.) for 33 days. Various behavioural assessments like the open field test, Morris water maze, and tail suspension test were performed to observe animals' locomotor activity, spatial memory, and anxiety-depressive behaviour. On the 34th day, animals were sacrificed, and brains were removed for biochemical estimations. Prolonged PTZ treatment reduced locomotor, learning activity, and increased anxiety-depressive behaviour, which was further confirmed by reduced antioxidant levels such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase because of increased oxido-nitrosative stress, that is, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite in the brain. In comparison, noscapine pretreatment attenuated PTZ-induced behavioural and biochemical changes in the animals. The results indicate that noscapine ameliorates the oxido-nitrosative stress. However, studies indicate that oxido-nitrosative stress is a significant concern for the GABAergic neurons and promotes the disease progression. Further studies are required to explore the molecular mechanism of noscapine, which might be a practical approach as a newer antiepileptic agent. � 2023 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
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    Neuroprotective potential of Moringa oleifera mediated by NF-kB/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway: A review
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022-10-07T00:00:00) Mundkar, Maroti; Bijalwan, Anjali; Soni, Divya; Kumar, Puneet
    Moringa oleifera is a traditional Indian herb belonging to the Moringaceae family, it is commonly known as the horse-radish tree, drumstick, or sahajna. In developing countries, Moringa is used as feed for both humans and animals due to its well-known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties owing to its several phytoconstituents including ?-carotene, quercetin, kaempferol, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, phenolic acid, rhamnose, glycosylates, glucomoringin, and isothiocyanates. These constituents help to maintain the brain antioxidant enzyme levels, mitochondrial functions, and neurogenesis, showing neuroprotective effects in several neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, Huntington's Disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This review discusses various phytoconstituent of moringa and their therapeutic potential in various neurological disorders. Additionally, we also concise the safety and toxicity profile, of different molecular pathways involved in the neuroprotective effect of M. oleifera including M. oleifera nanoparticles for better therapeutic value. Practical applications: Several clinical and preclinical studies on Moringa oleifera have been conducted, and the outcomes indicate moringa could be used in the treatment of brain disorders. As a result, we conclude that moringa and its nanoformulations could be employed to treat neurological problems. In the future, M. oleifera phytoconstituents could be evaluated against specific signaling pathways, which could aid researchers in discovering their mechanism of action. Furthermore, the use of moringa as a nutraceutical owing to its myriad pharmacological potential will go a long way in boosting the economy of countries that grow moringa on a large scale. � 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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    A Comprehensive Review on Preclinical Evidence-based Neuroprotective Potential of Bacopa monnieri against Parkinson's Disease
    (Bentham Science Publishers, 2022-03-17T00:00:00) Goyal, Ahsas; Gopika, Sainu; Kumar, Abhishek; Garabadu, Debapriya
    Parkinson's disease is a chronic and gradually progressive neurodegenerative disorder trig-gered due to the loss of dopamine-releasing neurons in the region of substantia nigra pars compacta characterized by the motor symptoms, such as tremor, bradykinesia, akinesia, and postural instability. Proteinopathies, mitochondrial dysfunction induced dopaminergic neuronal deterioration, and gene mutations are the hallmarks of Parkinson's disease. The bioactive components of Brahmi, such as Bacoside A, Bacoside B, and Bacosaponins, belong to various chemical families. Brahmi's neuropro-tective role includes reducing neuronal oxidative stress, dopaminergic neuronal degeneration, mito-chondrial dysfunction, inflammation, inhibition of ?-synuclein aggregation, and improvement of cognitive and learning behaviour. Researchers found that Bacopa monnieri significantly increased brain levels of glutathione, vitamin C, vitamin E, and vitamin A in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Brahmi has a potent antioxidant property and neuroprotective effects against PD that help reduce oxidative stress and neuroinflammation and enhance dopamine levels. The review collates all the preclinical studies that prove the beneficial neuroprotective effect of Brahmi for treating PD. � 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.