Human Genetics And Molecular Medicine - Research Publications

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    Celiac disease poses significant risk in developing depression, anxiety, headache, epilepsy, panic disorder, dysthymia: A�meta-analysis
    (Springer, 2021-11-28T00:00:00) Sharma, Nidhi; Singh, Kavita; Senapati, Sabyasachi
    Celiac disease (CD) primarily affects the small intestine. Previous studies have identified higher incidences of neuropsychiatric diseases among CD patients compared to non-CD controls. Genome-wide association studies have identified >60 non-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes associated with CD, where estimated 15% genes have role in neurological health. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the potential risk conferred by CD in developing neuropsychiatric diseases. Literature search was performed till June 2019. Incidences of neuropsychiatric diseases were compared among CD and non-CD controls. Funnel plots and Egger�s tests were used to evaluate publication bias and estimate study effects. Qualities of the included studies were estimated using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Quality of evidence was graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Odds of developing neuropsychiatric diseases among CD were evaluated by computing meta-odds ratio (Manten-Haenszel method) and Z test p-value using random and fixed effect�models based on the degree of study heterogeneity. Thirteen non-randomized case-control studies were found eligible. Subjects suffering from CD were found to have significantly more risk to develop depression (p<1.00E-05; OR=1.60 [1.37�1.86]), anxiety (p=0.05; OR=1.41 [1.00�1.97]), headache (p<0.1.00E-05; OR=3.27 [2.46�4.34]), epilepsy (p<1.00E-04; OR=11.90 [3.78�37.43]), panic disorder (p<1.00E-04; OR=4.64 [2.22�9.70]), and dysthymia (p=2.00E-03; OR=5.27 [1.83�15.22]). CD is a major predisposing factor in developing array of common neuropsychiatric diseases. Shared biological processes and molecular networks could play a crucial role in disease co-occurrence. Detailed molecular evidences are needed to establish the cause-effect relationship between these diseases. � 2021, Indian Society of Gastroenterology.
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    Epilepsy and Migraine Shared Genetic and Molecular Mechanisms: Focus on Therapeutic Strategies
    (Springer, 2021-04-15T00:00:00) Gotra, Palvi; Bhardwaj, Nidhi; Ludhiadch, Abhilash; Singh, Gagandeep; Munshi, Anjana
    Epilepsy and migraine are both episodic disorders and share clinical as well as pathophysiological mechanisms. The prevalence of epilepsy in migraine patients is generally higher than normal as compared to general population and vice versa. Various environmental risk factors and genetic factors have been reported to be associated with susceptibility of these comorbid diseases. Specific genes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the two diseases. However, the shared genetic susceptibility has not been explored extensively. Previous studies have reported that the alterations in the genes encoding ion channel proteins are common risk factors for both the diseases. The alterations in ion channel-encoding genes CACNAIA (T666M) and SCNIA (Q1489K and L1649Q) have been found to be involved in the development of familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) as well as generalized epilepsy and some cases of focal epilepsy as well. The fact that both these disorders are treated with anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) strongly supports common underlying mechanisms. This review has been compiled with an aim to explore the alterations in common genes involved in various pathways regulating neuronal hyperexcitability, a common risk factor for both these conditions. The avenue for future treatment strategies targeting common genes and molecular mechanisms has also been discussed. � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.