Environmental Science And Technology - Mphil Thesis

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/86

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2012 - 20162

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    Exploration of antioxidant and anticancer potential of essential oil of salvia plebeia RBR
    (Central University of Punjab, 2012) Gautam, Nandani; Mittal, Sunil
    Cancer is one of the major problems that accounts for millions of death worldwide per year. Breast cancer is the most commonly encountered cancer in the females. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the standard methods used in the treatment of cancer but these have various side effects also. Other complementary treatments based on plants and its products are used to lessen the side effects. Some essential oils are the potent source of the novel molecules and have been reported to have anticancer effect. In the present study, essential oil from Salvia plebeia has been screened for cytotoxic activity in vitro using MTT assay and has been observed to show inhibitory effect on the cancer cells with the increase in concentration against breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDAMB-231. The essential oil was observed to show IC50 at concentration 30?g/ml for MCF-7 cells and in MDAMB-231, IC50 was calculated to be 65?g/ml for 24 hours treatment. Essential oil was found to be effective against highly metatstatic MDAMB-231cells Exposure time effect was studied to know whether it has sustained effect or not and it was observed that essential oil had sustained effect at higher concentrations and longer exposure time was required to show sustained effect. Single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) was used to find out its mode of action and it was observed to induce DNA damage in the cancer cells that might have resulted in cell death at various concentrations. Essential oil was observed to have antioxidant activity, which was studied using DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Various compounds like cayophyllene, alpha-humulene and cayophllene oxide were determined by GC-MS analysis. Cayophyllene was the major compound (46%). Some of the constituents might be responsible for anticancer activity of the oil. It has been concluded from the study that novel essential oil is very effective against breast cancer cells. This oil can be screened further against other cell lines and can be used as nutritional supplement.
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    Phytotoxic potential of essential oil from leaves of eucalyptus tereticornis against rice (orza sativa) and its weeds, echinochloa grus-galli and cyperus rotundus
    (Central University of Punjab, 2016) Vishwakarma, Gajendra Singh; Mittal, Sunil
    The present study was undertaken to explore the phytotoxic potential of essential oil from Eucalyptus tereticornis against two major weeds of rice viz. Echinochloa crus-galli and Cyperus rotundus. The effect of essential oil was studied on growth (percent germination, root length and shoot length development) physiological parameters (chlorophyll content and percent respiration) and biochemical changes in macromolecule content (protein and carbohydrate) under controlled conditions in the laboratory. Studies revealed that Eucalyptus tereticornis essential oil (in different concentrations ranging from 25 to 250 µg/ml) adversely affected the growth and physiology of all the test plants. However the effect was more predominant in weeds compare to the rice seedlings. When the seeds of test plants were exposed to 100 and 250 µg/ml oil concentration, seed germination and seedling development of test weeds were highly affected as compare to the rice. C. rotundus was found to be the most sensitive weed among test plants. In chlorophyll content, the percent reduction at 250 µg/ml of essential oil was 60% 80% and 99% in O. sativa, E. crus-galli and C. rotundus, respectively. Similarly, reduction in respiratory activity on exposure to 250 µg/ml of essential oil was 20% 40% and 99% in O. sativa, E. crus-galli and C. rotundus, respectively. The effect of essential oil on macromolecules, i.e. carbohydrates and proteins also followed the similar trend. The percent reduction in protein content was approximately 40%, 60% and 80% and percent reduction in carbohydrate content was 25% 60% and 90% in O. sativa, E. crus-galli and C. rotundus, respectively on exposure to 100 µg/ml of essential oil. The present study concludes that essential oil of E. tereticornis shows the toxicity selectively towards the E. crus-galli and C. rotundus compare to O.sativa.