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Item Retraction notice to "Bioaccumulation and physiological responses to lead (Pb) in Chenopodium murale L."[YEESA(2018)83-90](Academic Press, 2018) Sidhu, G.P.S.; Bali, A.S.; Bhardwaj, R.; Singh, H.P.; Batish, Daizy R.; Kohli, R.K.Available online This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Author Gagan Preet Singh. The corresponding author Gagan Preet Singh acknowledged Ravinder Kumar Kohli as one of the co-authors, whereas RK Kohli reported that he is neither the author nor part of the communication of this paper.Item Bioaccumulation and physiological responses to lead (Pb) in Chenopodium murale L(Academic Press, 2018) Sidhu, G.P.S.; Bali A.S.; Bhardwaj R.; Singh H.P.; Batish D.R.; Kohli R.K.Identification and screening of wild, wasteland plants for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils is a crucial phytotechnological approach. In a pot experiment, Chenopodium murale was tested for the phytoextraction of lead (Pb) from the contaminated soils. The experiment was conducted for 8 weeks to appraise the effect of varied Pb regimes (300, 400, 500 mg kg?1) on the bioaccumulation and physiological responses of C. murale plants. At 500 mg kg?1 Pb regime, the concentration of Pb in roots and shoots reached a maximum of 2513 and 2301 mg kg?1 DW, respectively. The plants highlighted a very high tolerance with 100% survival towards Pb toxicity, although exhibited a slight decrease in biomass yield, chlorophyll content and protein levels. However, a dramatic mount in H2O2 content, MDA level and bio-activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and POD) was noticed. BCF and TF values were more than unity at all the Pb regimes. Results were scrutinized, accentuating the profit of raising C. murale in Pb-contaminated soils as this plant species can be a promising candidate for soil remediation and their restoration purposes.Item Ethylenediamine disuccinic acid enhanced phytoextraction of nickel from contaminated soils using Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm.(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Sidhu, G.P.S.; Bali, A.S.; Singh, H.P.; Batish, Daizy R.; Kohli, R.K.In a screenhouse, the applicability of biodegradable chelant ethylenediamine disuccinic acid (EDDS) to enhance Ni-phytoextraction by Coronopus didymus was tested for the first time. This study assayed the hypothesis based upon the role of EDDS on physiological and biochemical alterations and ameliorating phytoextraction capacity of C. didymus under nickel (Ni) stress. Pot experiments were conducted for 6 weeks and C. didymus plants were cultivated in soil artificially contaminated with 30, 50, and 70 mg kg?1 Ni treatments. Soil was amended with EDDS (2 mmol kg?1). Plants were harvested, 1 week after EDDS application. At 70 mg kg?1 Ni level, EDDS application dramatically enhanced the root and shoot Ni concentration from 665 and 644 to 1339 and 1338 mg kg?1, respectively. Combination of Ni + EDDS induced alterations in biochemical parameters of plants. EDDS addition posed pessimistic effects on growth, biomass, photosynthetic activity and protein content of the plants. Besides, application of EDDS stimulated the generation of superoxide anion, H2O2 content and MDA level. However, EDDS assisted mount in antioxidant activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) considerably neutralised the toxicity induced by reactive oxygen species in plant tissues. The results revealed EDDS efficacy to ameliorate the performance of antioxidant enzymes and improved Ni translocation in plant tissues, thus strongly marked its affinity to be used together with C. didymus for Ni-phytoextraction. ? 2018 Elsevier LtdItem Alterations in photosynthetic pigments, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism in a wild plant Coronopus didymus L. (Brassicaceae) under lead stress(Polish Academy of Sciences, 2017) Sidhu, G.P.S.; Singh, H.P.; Batish, Daizy R.; Kohli, R.K.Coronopus didymus has been emerged as a promising wild, unpalatable plant species to alleviate lead (Pb) from the contaminated soils. This work investigated the hypothesis regarding various metabolic adaptations of C. didymus under lead (Pb) stress. In pot experiments, we assessed the effect of Pb at varied concentrations (500?2900?mg?kg?1) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, alteration of macromolecular (protein and carbohydrate) content, and activities of enzymes like protease, ?-and ?-amylase, peroxidase (POX), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in C. didymus for 6?weeks. Results revealed that Pb exposure enhanced the growth, protein, and carbohydrate level, but decreased the leaf pigment concentration and activities of hydrolytic enzymes. The activities of POX and PPO in roots increased progressively by ~337 and 675%, respectively, over the control, at 2900?mg?kg?1 Pb treatment. Likewise, contemporaneous findings were noticed in shoots of C. didymus, strongly indicating its inherent potential to cope Pb-induced stress. Furthermore, the altered plant biochemical status and upregulated metabolic activities of POX and PPO indulged in polyphenol peroxidation elucidate their role in allocating protection and conferring resistance against Pb instigated stress. The current work suggests that stress induced by Pb in C. didymus stimulated the POX and PPO activities which impart a decisive role in detoxification of peaked Pb levels, perhaps, by forming physical barrier or lignifications. ? 2017, Franciszek G?rski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, KrakItem Tolerance and hyperaccumulation of cadmium by a wild, unpalatable herb Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm. (Brassicaceae)(Academic Press, 2017) Sidhu, G.P.S.; Singh, H.P.; Batish, Daizy R.; Kohli, R.K.The potential of a wild, unpalatable plant Coronopus didymus was investigated for the first time in terms of its capability to tolerate and accumulate cadmium (Cd) for phytoremediation purposes. A screenhouse experiment for 6 weeks was conducted to evaluate the effect of Cd from 100 to 400?mg?kg?1 on growth, biomass, photosynthetic apparatus, Cd uptake and accumulation in C. didymus plants. Application of Cd facilitates the growth of the plants whereas at higher levels a slight reduction was noticed. The concentration of Cd in roots and shoots reached a maximum of 867.2 and 864.5?mg?kg?1 DW respectively, at 400?mg?kg?1?Cd treatment. Cd exposure increased the generation of superoxide anion (O2??), H2O2 content, MDA level and antioxidative response (SOD, CAT and POD) in roots and shoots of C. didymus. However, a slight decline in SOD and CAT activities were noticed in roots at highest Cd treatment (400?mg?kg?1). The bioconcentration (BCF) values for all the concentrations were ?1 and the translocation factor (TF) values were ? 1 at lower level but reached 1 at highest Cd concentration. Thus, C. didymus satisfies the conditions required for hyperaccumulator plants and may be practically employed to alleviate Cd from contaminated soils. ? 2016 Elsevier Inc.