Department Of Economic Studies
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Item Monitoring of mahatama gandhi national rural employment guarantee scheme in kulgam district of jammu and kashmir(Central University of Punjab, 2013) Naiko, Bilal Ahmad; Kahlon, A. S.The study entitled "Monitoring of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in Kulgam District of Jammu and Kashmir" is an attempt to assess the implementation of this Scheme. It brings out the violations of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) guidelines. It is based on the analysis of both primary and secondary data.The methodology entails multi-stage sampling method. Kulgam district was selected on the basis of maximum number of projects completed and maximum number of employment days generated during the reference year 2011-12. Further, two Blocks namely Kulgam and D .H. Pora were selected on the basis of maximum funds received during the reference year 2011-12.One Halqa Panchayat namely Checkpora-Bemdora and Manzgam-A were randomly selected from Blocks Kulgam and D. H. Pora respectively. One worksite in each selected Panchayat was also visited to collect the necessary information concerning the implementation of the Scheme. It was found that the study area had an effective mechanism of registration, job card issuance, employment provision (100%) and wage disbursement through bank accounts (100%). Work was provided within the village, equal wages were paid to men and womenand the quality of the assets was satisfactory. However, some serious deficiencies in the implementation of the Scheme were identified which include involvement of Contractors and use of labour displacing machinery, less than stipulated women participation rate,lack of worksite facilities, use of rough account (Kacha Khata), less participation of workers in Employment Guarantee Day and Halqa Majlis (Gram Sabha), provision of lesser than stipulated employment days, wage payment delays, inadequate staffing, lack of institutional arrangements and absence of Social Audit. It is suggested that more intensive monitoring/concurrent evaluation of MGNREGS may be done at the State/District level. State Government should address the manpower shortage and ensure strict compliance with the MGNREGA guidelines to correct the above mentioned deficiencies. However, the implementation of the Act has resulted in democratic decentralization, women empowerment, financial inclusion, rural infrastructure development, improved rural livelihood resource base, more employment generation and improvement in the standard of living of the rural people.Item Monitoring of mahatma gandhi national rural employment gurantee scheme in bathinda district of punjab(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Kaur, Rajpreet; Kahlon, A. S.The Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act of Government of India was introduced primarily to enhance the livelihood of households by providing 100 days employment to the adult members. It provides alternative source of livelihood which has impact on increasing income and alleviating poverty. However, the success of this Scheme depends upon its effective implementation. An attempt has been made in this study to highlight the violations of stipulated guidelines of the Act as also to assess the awareness level regarding rules and regulations among various stakeholders. The study also seeks to understand the overall impact of the Scheme on the rural workers and whether the MGNREGS scheme has led to gender empowerment. Both primary and secondary data was utilized for the analysis. Primary data was collected by administering schedules and conducting interviews while the secondary data was collected from various published official sources. Multistage sampling was utilized. Bathinda district was purposely selected for the study due to time and money constraint. Further, two blocks Talwandi Sabo and Nathana were selected on the basis of maximum number of employment days generated by the scheme v during the reference year 2012-13. Again, two villages namely Bangi-Ruldoo and Sema were randomly selected from Talwandi Sabo and Nathana blocks respectively. One worksite from each village was also visited to collect the necessary information. Non-MGNREGS workers as a control sample attributed relatively lower wages for MGNREGS works, irregularity of its work, delay in wage payments and non availability of advance payment as the reasons for not joining MGNREGS. This led to relatively smaller participation of workers in the study area. This study revealed that this scheme had an effective mechanism of registration, job card issuance, wage payment through banks, work provision was within the periphery of 5 km from village, equal wage payment to both men and women as also labour displacing machinery and contractors were not involved in the works. However, some violations of MGNREGA guidelines were observed in the study area i.e. only 8 per cent of the respondents were provided the stipulated 100 days of employment, lack of proper worksite facilities, non affixation of photos on job cards, non-issuance of receipt against work application and delay in wage payments. Moreover, it was found that there was a lack of awareness among MGNREGS workers about the facilities\guidelines and other provisions of MGNREGA whereas level of awareness among officials was satisfactory. However, the implementation of this scheme has resulted in women empowerment, generation of more employment opportunities and improvement in the income of workers. It is suggested that intensive monitoring/evaluation of MGNREGS should be done at the State/district level to ensure the proper implementation of the scheme.