Department Of Pharmacology

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Author: search.filters.author.Garg, Monika

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    Exploration of price variation, elemental profile, and fortification of commercial Indian edible salts with iodine, potassium, iron, magnesium, and calcium
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2023-07-05T00:00:00) Yadav, Mona; Sharma, Anjali; Meenu, Maninder; Kumari, Anita; Goyal, Ajay; Garg, Monika
    The different types of edible rock salts (black, and pink) are fetching premium price compared to white sea salt. Survey of 300 individuals indicated that black rock salt is mainly used for sprinkling and sea salt for cooking. Further, people are switching to white rock salt for cooking due to the influence of traditional knowledge, friends, advertisements, and label claims. The elemental profile of commercial salt samples were analyzed to identify a scientific basis for this. We collected 14 different colored (black, pink) edible salt samples from supermarkets, local shops and health food shops in Mohali, Punjab, India. Various analytical and biochemical investigations were used for the analysis of 25 elements, vitamin and phenolic content. The recommended level of iodine (I) fortification (?50% RDA) was found only in 20% of the salts studied. The potassium (K) fortification (10-20 % K/Na) was found only in two salts. One salt sample crossed the toxic limits of lead (Pb). Black salt exhibited the highest iron (Fe) (10-20% RDA). Other claimed nutrients/mineral Ca, Mg, vitamin and phenolic content was not observed in any salt (< 5 % RDA).In conclusion, taste, tradition, and social media affect salt preference, and our research provides the scientific data. � 2023 The Author(s)
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    A comparative study of colored wheat lines across laboratories for validation of their phytochemicals and antioxidant activity
    (Academic Press, 2023-06-07T00:00:00) Sharma, Anjali; Yadav, Mona; Tiwari, Apoorv; Ali, Usman; Krishania, Meena; Bala, Manju; Sharma, Paras; Goudar, Giridhar; Roy, Joy K.; Navik, Umashanker; Garg, Monika
    With aim of assessing inter-laboratory variations, phytochemical and antioxidant analysis of seventeen wheat lines were carried out in three well-equipped Indian laboratories viz- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Punjab, Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering & Technology (CIPHET), Punjab, and National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Telangana. Protocols were rigorously discussed among laboratories, re-formulated, and uniformly executed for estimating anthocyanins, phenolics, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity measured by colorimetric assays (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP & MC). Compiled data complement each other, with minor inter-laboratory variations. Colored wheat lines show higher antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile than white wheat lines across the laboratories. Within colored wheat lines, black wheat lines have the best nutraceutical profile across the laboratories, with an observed order of black > blue > purple > white. Within black wheat varieties, one of the studied lines, Bk2, consistently outperformed across the laboratories and had highest antioxidant activity, mean anthocyanin content (150.19 mg/kg), phenolic content (277.67 mg/kg), flavonoid content (17.76 mg/kg). The factors that may contribute to the evaluation process include differences in the human resources involved, type and company of solvent, instrument model, and weather and humidity conditions during the measurement. This study validates the higher phytochemicals and antioxidant property of colored wheat through a multi-laboratory analysis. � 2023 Elsevier Ltd
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    Effect of dietary anthocyanins on biomarkers of type 2 diabetes and related obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023-03-13T00:00:00) Tiwari, Vandita; Sharma, Saloni; Tiwari, Apoorv; Sheoran, Bhawna; Kaur, Satveer; Sharma, Anjali; Yadav, Mona; Bhatnagar, Archana; Garg, Monika
    Anthocyanins have been reported for the protective effects against type 2 diabetes and related obesity. This meta-analysis examined the benefits of anthocyanins on type 2 diabetes and obesity biomarkers in animals and humans. The study included 21 clinical trials and 27 pre-clinical studies. A systematic search was conducted using the following inclusion criteria: in vivo rodent studies; human randomized clinical trials, both aimed at assessing the fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein; and study duration of at least two weeks. Out of the 201 examined publications, 48 were shortlisted after implementation of the selection criteria. Results of clinical trials demonstrated that consumption of anthocyanin-rich food significantly reduced the FBG (p < 0.0001), HbA1c (p = 0.02), TC (p = 0.010), TG (p = 0.003), LDL (p = 0.05) and increases the HDL (p = 0.03) levels. Similarly, pre-clinical studies demonstrated the amelioration of the HbA1c (p = 0.02), FBG, TC, TG, and LDL (p < 0.00001), with non-significant changes in the HDL (p = 0.11). Sub-group analysis indicated dose-dependent effect. This compilation confirms that consuming anthocyanin-rich foods positively correlates with the reduction in the blood glucose and lipid levels in diabetic and obese subjects. � 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.