Department Of Pharmacology
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/108
Browse
4 results
Search Results
Item Insights into receptor tyrosine kinases signaling in neurodegenerative disorders: opportunities and translational perspectives(Elsevier, 2023-07-06T00:00:00) Randhawa, Puneet Kaur; Jaggi, Amteshwar Singh; Bali, AnjanaReceptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a group of membrane-bound receptors comprising of extracellular ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular catalytic domain. RTKs play a crucial role in various cellular processes including cellular growth, motility, cell differentiation, and cell metabolism. The dysregulation of RTK activity is a contributing factor in the progression of many neurodegenerative disorders. Studies revealed the alterations rearranged during transfection, epidermal growth factor receptor 1, vascular endothelial growth factor-B TAM receptors, and tropomyosin receptor kinase in neurodegenerative disorders. Further, PI3K/Akt/GSK-3? and Wnt/catenin signaling pathways are found to be major pathways for neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth induced by RTKs. This chapter summarizes the most important aspects of RTK subfamilies and their intraneuronal signaling mechanisms in different neurodegenerative disorders. The understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of RTKs in neurodegenerative disorders has important implications for the selection of a suitable neuroprotective agent. � 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item Antiplatelet drugs: Potential therapeutic options for the management of neurodegenerative diseases(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023-05-03T00:00:00) Beura, Samir K.; Dhapola, Rishika; Panigrahi, Abhishek R.; Yadav, Pooja; Kumar, Reetesh; Reddy, Dibbanti H.; Singh, Sunil K.The blood platelet plays an important role but often remains under-recognized in several vascular complications and associated diseases. Surprisingly, platelet hyperactivity and hyperaggregability have often been considered the critical risk factors for developing vascular dysfunctions in several neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. In addition, platelet structural and functional impairments promote prothrombotic and proinflammatory environment that can aggravate the progression of several NDDs. These findings provide the rationale for using antiplatelet agents not only to prevent morbidity but also to reduce mortality caused by NDDs. Therefore, we thoroughly review the evidence supporting the potential pleiotropic effects of several novel classes of synthetic antiplatelet drugs, that is, cyclooxygenase inhibitors, adenosine diphosphate receptor antagonists, protease-activated receptor blockers, and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors in NDDs. Apart from this, the review also emphasizes the recent developments of selected natural antiplatelet phytochemicals belonging to key classes of plant-based bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids as potential therapeutic candidates in NDDs. We believe that the broad analysis of contemporary strategies and specific approaches for plausible therapeutic treatment for NDDs presented in this review could be helpful for further successful research in this area. � 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Item Trans-cinnamaldehyde mitigates rotenone-induced neurotoxicity via inhibiting oxidative stress in rats(Elsevier B.V., 2022-12-21T00:00:00) Kumar, Sandeep; Kumar, Sachin; Arthur, Richmond; Kumar, PuneetBackground: The second most prevalent age-related brain condition, Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by the loss of neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). It is associated with symptoms like bradykinesia, stiffness, tremor, and impaired postural responses. Motor dysfunction, and neurochemical imbalance, are involved in the pathophysiology of PD. It has been hypothesised that trans cinnamaldehyde (TCA) a component of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can ameliorate Parkinson-like symptoms by altering the levels of different biochemical markers and reverse motor impairments. This research sought to determine the neuroprotective effect of TCA against the neurotoxicity caused by rotenone. Basic Procedure: Rotenone (1.5 mg/kg/day; s.c. for 35 days) was given to rats to induce Parkinson-like symptoms. TCA (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and concomitant treatment of TCA (5 mg/kg) with L-NAME (10 mg/kg) were given one hour prior to rotenone administration. Every week until the 35th day, behavioral parameters (muscle coordination, spontaneous motor movement and gait abnormalities) were assessed using rotarod, actophotometer, and narrow beam apparatus respectfully. Rats were decapitated on the 35th day, the striatum and cortex were isolated for biochemical tests. Main findings: Rotenone treatment reduced body weight, altered motor coordination and reduced the oxidative defense system. Treatment with TCA significantly improved the alterations in antioxidant levels as well as behavioral parameters. Furthermore, L-NAME (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) in combination with TCA had a more significant effect as compared to TCA alone, signifying a possible drug interaction. Principal conclusion: TCA could be employed as an adjuvant in PD management. � 2022 The AuthorsItem The beneficial effect of rice bran extract against rotenone-induced experimental parkinson�s disease in rats(Bentham Science Publishers, 2021-02-12T00:00:00) Kumar, Sachin; Kumar, PuneetBackground: Neurodegenerative diseases have become an increasing cause of various disabilities worldwide, followed by aging, including Parkinson�s disease (PD). Parkinson�s disease is a degenerative brain disorder distinguished by growing motor & non-motor failure due to the de-generation of medium-sized spiked neurons in the striatum region. Rotenone is often employed to originate the animal model of PD. It is a powerful blocker of mitochondrial complex-I, mitochon-drial electron transport chain that reliably produces Parkinsonism-like symptoms in rats. Rice bran (RB) is very rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and nutritionally beneficial compounds, such as ?-oryzanol, tocopherols, and tocotrienols and sterols are believed to have favorable out-comes on oxidative stress & mitochondrial function. Objective: The present study has been designed to explore RB extract�s effect against rotenone-in-duced neurotoxicity in rats. Methods: In the present study, Rotenone (2 mg/kg, s.c) was administered systemically for 28 days. The hexane extract of RB was prepared using Soxhlation. Hexane extract (250 & 500 mg/kg) was administered per oral for 28 days in rotenone-treated groups. Behavioral parameters (grip strength, motor coordination, locomotion, and catalepsy) were conducted on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day. Animals were sacrificed on the 29th day for biochemical estimation in the striatum and cortex. Results: This study demonstrates significant alteration in behavioral parameters, oxidative burden (increased lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, and decreased glutathione, catalase, SOD) in rotenone-treated animals. Administration of hexane extract of RB prevented the behavioral, biochemical alterations induced by rotenone. The current research has been sketched to inspect RB ex-tract�s effect against rotenone-developed neurotoxicity in rats. Conclusion: The findings support that PD is associated with impairments in motor activity. The results also suggest that the nutraceutical rice bran that contains ?-oryzanol, Vitamin-E, ferulic acid etc., may underlie the adjuvant susceptibility towards rotenone-induced PD in experimental rats. � 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.