Department Of Pharmacology

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Antioxidant

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    Antifungal synergistic effects and anti-biofilm formation activities of some bioactive 2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzoxazepine derivatives
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022-12-26T00:00:00) Odame, Felix; Neglo, David; Sedohia, Daniel; Arthur, Richmond
    Benzoxazepines constitute a significant class of organic compounds extensively described in the literature. Several derivatives with pharmacological properties have been produced due to the semi-rigid azepine scaffold, which allows for the addition of other heteroatoms. This study investigated the possible antifungal effect and antioxidant activity of 2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzoxazepines. The antifungal effect was investigated using the broth dilution assay, while the antioxidant property was determined using the ABTS and DPPH scavenging tests. The results indicated that the 2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzoxazepine derivatives had antifungal properties and could be working via its fungicidal and biofilm inhibitory properties. It was also realized that it had synergistic effects when administered concomitantly with standard antifungal drugs. The antioxidant effects were high with 2,2-dimethyl-4-[(E)-2-(4-methylphenyl)ethenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzoxazepine (1) compared to the other derivatives. It could be concluded that 2,3-dihydro-1,5-benzoxazepines could possess fungicidal and possible antioxidant properties. And hence could serve as new drug leads in discovering novel drugs that could help manage fluconazole-resistant vulvovaginal candidiasis. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    Ferulic acid ameliorates neurodegeneration via the Nrf2/ARE signalling pathway: A Review
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022-10-30T00:00:00) Singh, Surbhi; Arthur, Richmond; Upadhayay, Shubham; Kumar, Puneet
    Background: Ferulic acid is a polyphenolic phytoconstituent synthesized from the metabolism of amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine found in fruits and vegetables. Neurodegenerative disorders have been a thorn in the flesh of neuroscientists owing in part to the increase in the aged population. Several drugs used in the management of these disorders are either ineffective or come with unbearable side effects. We present a review of ferulic acid focusing on leveraging its antioxidant property in an attempt to explain its role in neurodegenerative disorders. Basic procedure: data were obtained by perusing scientific databases including Web of Science and PubMed. It was realised that 18,000 articles were associated with ferulic acid from 1960-to 2022. We narrowed it down using the keywords neuroprotection, and antioxidant of which we had 239 articles. Main findings: results indicated that ferulic acid has wide neuropharmacological applications due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antiapoptotic effects among others. The neuroprotective effect of ferulic acid has been studied in many diseases like Alzheimer's, Epilepsy, and Parkinson's disease. Principal conclusion: the neuroprotective potential of FA may be due to its ability to absorb active forms of oxygen and nitrogen and use redox-bearing compounds to regulate genetic expression including, encoding for antioxidant enzymes, the anti-apoptotic protein family Bcl-2, and pro-survival neurotrophic factors like BDNF. Its higher bioavailability and lipophilic nature make it a better drug candidate than other polyphenols for neurological disorders. � 2022 The Author(s)
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    Berberine Ameliorate Haloperidol and 3-Nitropropionic Acid-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats
    (Springer, 2022-07-25T00:00:00) Kadir, Abdul; Singh, Jasdeep; Rahi, Vikrant; Kumar, Puneet
    Berberine due to its antioxidant properties, has been used around the globe significantly to treat several brain disorders. Also, oxidative stress is a pathological hallmark in neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington�s disease (HD) and Tardive dyskinesia (TD). Berberine an alkaloid from plants has been reported to have neuroprotective potential in several animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of berberine in the animal model of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) induced HD and haloperidol induced tardive dyskinesia with special emphasis on its antioxidant property. The study protocol was divided into 2 phases, first phase involved the administration of 3-NP and berberine at the dose of (25, 50, and 100�mg/kg) intraperitoneally (i.p) and orally (p.o.) respectively for 21�days, and the following parameters (rotarod, narrow beam walk and photoactometer) as a measure of motor activity and striatal and cortical levels of (LPO, GSH, SOD, catalase, and nitrate) evaluated as a measure of oxidative stress were assessed for HD. Similarly in the second phase, TD was induced by using haloperidol, for 21�days and berberine at the dose of (25, 50, and 100�mg/kg) was administered, and both physical and biochemical parameters were assessed as mentioned for the HD study. The resultant�data indicated that berberine attenuate 3-NP and haloperidol-induced behavioral changes and improved the antioxidant capcity in rodents. Hence berberine might be a novel therapeutic candidate to manage TD & HD. � 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    Can bilirubin nanomedicine become a hope for the management of COVID-19?
    (Churchill Livingstone, 2021-02-15T00:00:00) Khurana, Isha; Allawadhi, Prince; Khurana, Amit; Srivastava, Amit Kumar; Navik, Umashanker; Banothu, Anil Kumar; Bharani, Kala Kumar
    Bilirubin has been proven to possess significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiviral activities. Recently, it has been postulated as a metabolic hormone. Further, moderately higher levels of bilirubin are positively associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity. However, due to poor solubility the therapeutic delivery of bilirubin remains a challenge. Nanotechnology offers unique advantages which may be exploited for improved delivery of bilirubin to the target organ with reduced risk of systemic toxicity. Herein, we postulate the use of intravenous administration or inhalational delivery of bilirubin nanomedicine (BNM) to combat systemic dysfunctions associated with COVID-19, owing to the remarkable preclinical efficacy and optimistic results of various clinical studies of bilirubin in non-communicable disorders. BNM may be used to harness the proven preclinical pharmacological efficacy of bilirubin against COVID-19 related systemic complications. � 2021 Elsevier Ltd