Department Of Pharmacology

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Diabetes mellitus

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    Formulation and evaluation of SGLT2 inhibitory effect of a polyherbal mixture inspired from Ayurvedic system of medicine
    (National Taiwan University, 2022-03-22T00:00:00) Kumar, Ankit; Negi, Anoop Singh; Chauhan, Ashutosh; Semwal, Ravindra; Kumar, Rajnish; Semwal, Ruchi Badoni; Singh, Randhir; Joshi, Tushar; Chandra, Subhash; Joshi, Sunil Kumar; Semwal, Deepak Kumar
    Background and aim: The ingredients viz., Artemisia roxburghiana, Cissampelos pareira, Stephania glabra, Drimia indica, Roylea cinerea, Tinospora sinensis and Curcuma longa of the present formulation are used to treat diabetes in the Indian traditional medical system. Adopting the concept of multiple herbal mixtures for better therapeutic effects from the ancient Ayurvedic text Sarangdhar Samhita, the present study aimed to develop a polyherbal formulation (PHF) of seven herbs and to evaluate its sodium-glucose cotransporter protein-2 (SGLT2) inhibitory effect on type 2 diabetic rats. Experimental procedure: Streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg) and nicotinamide (NAM) (120 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally administered to induce type 2 diabetes in Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 5 groups viz. normal control, diabetic control, positive control (dapagliflozin at 0.1 mg/kg) and two test groups (PHF at 250 and 500 mg/kg). Various parameters including blood glucose, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), bilirubin, triglycerides and creatinine were measured. Results and conclusion: The treatment with PHF (250 and 500 mg/kg) showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in blood glucose levels by 56.37% and 58.17%, respectively. The levels of SGOT, SGPT and bilirubin were significantly reduced in PHF-fed diabetic rats. Histopathological examination revealed no major changes in the treated groups as compared to the normal control. The molecular docking study showed strong binding of ?-sitosterol, insulanoline, warifteine, dehydrocorydalmine, taraxerol acetate, lupeol, corydalmine and luteolin to SGLT2 protein. The present study concludes that PHF has promising antidiabetic activity via inhibiting SGLT2 protein without showing any adverse effects. � 2022 Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University
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    Novel pharmacological approaches for diabetic complications
    (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2021-03-24T00:00:00) Arora, Anchal; Navik, Uma Shanker; Jaiswal, Aiswarya; Kaur, Prabhsharan; Kumar, Puneet
    Diabetes is a chronic illness characterized by uncontrolled hyperglycemia, disturbances in carbohydrate, and lipid and protein metabolism due to impaired function of insulin-secreting pancreatic ?-cell, insulin action or both. If not treated on time diabetes patients are more prone to developing secondary complications such as microvascular complications, including nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, diabetic foot, dermopathy, and macrovascular complications like coronary arteries disease, peripheral arterial disease, stroke and cardiomyopathy. This increases the co-morbidity and mortality rate among diabetes patients. Therefore, hyperglycemia management could be of profound clinical significance to reduce the rate of complications of diabetes. Further, hyperglycemia results in the activation of multiple abnormal signaling pathways that poses more complex diabetes pathology resulting in end-organ damage. Traditionally, the available approved therapy, such as insulin and sulphonylureas, possesses side effects such as weight gain and hypoglycaemic shock. Therefore developing a novel therapy for targeting complex pathways for mitigating diabetes complications is highly appreciable. Hence, this chapter aims to discuss the novel therapeutic approaches for treating diabetes complications with their mechanism of action. � 2021 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.