School Of Global Relations
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Item Eurasia in India‘s Energy Diplomacy: Exploring the Emerging Equations in the 21st Century(Central University of Punjab, 2019) Singh, Sandeep; Singh, BawaEnergy is considered as a geopolitical commodity of political leverage/vulnerability. Also, it has been considered as a major part of diplomacy of every individual country, promoting economic prosperity or political stability. In context of Eurasia, which is known for its great amount of energy resources in the world, has become fundamentally one of the most important and geopolitical determinant of external power‘s engagements. The study argues that recent geo-economic-political developments in post-2013, and ups-downs (Russian-Ukraine Gas Wars in 2006 and 2009, diversifications of Eurasian energy supplies especially gas, and threatening relations between Europe and Russia etc.) in the Eurasian region have been posing geo-economic and geopolitical challenges to many states within the region. The Energy producers in the Eurasian region particularly Russia and CARs have started moving from the west to the East for energy supply. In addition, Asian demand for energy resources have been diversified particularly India and China are becoming big energy consumers. These changes have brought some of the serious and complex issues before India‘s domestic and foreign policies. It is also seen as a window of opportunities and possibilities of complementarities on the other hand. India as a major energy importer and it's manufacturing-oriented programmes are likely to fasten its energy demands, and Eurasia can provide an incredible opportunity to meet its energy requirements in this connection. Therefore, an attempt has been made to provide a transcontinental study of Eurasian energy as a thrust area for the present research positioning Eurasian region in Indian energy diplomacy, and determining the contours of energy diplomacy. Although, there are many researches about India‘s policy towards the Eurasian region, and few of them focussed on energy trade, and trade in other goods including political relations. But, how energy is a significant factor in India‘s diplomacy towards the Eurasian region in the present geopolitical realities has not been thoroughly investigated. In this backdrop, the present research has been approached by setting three onjectives. Fisrtly, it investigates India‘s position in the changing global energy scenario. To achieve the objective, the study exmines India‘s domestic energy policy and finds that India‘s future of domestic energy production remains clouded given the underinvestment, outdated infrastructure and under-explored basins of the country. It iv leads India to import energy. Secondly, the study has uncovered India‘s diplomatic engagements with the Eurasian region by the way of mapping its quest for energy. It concludes that India‘s energy diplomacy has a wider scope in the Eurasian region to enhance regional integration provided that the same should properly be undertaken by the stakeholder. The third objective investigates India geopolitical space in the Eurasian region. It concludes that the growing role of energy complex zone and transit countries have challenged great powers hierarchy in the region and shaped the new energy geopolitical order. The study explores that how India would create its geopolitical space in the new energeopolitical order. Thus, the research is seen as a contribution to uncover India‘s growing diplomatic space in Eurasian geopolitics from different perspectives by offering different analytical and theoretical insights from the previous studies.Item Connecting for energy? india's negotiation for space in central asia(Central University of Punjab, 2014) Singh, Sandeep; Varghese, V. JThe present research aims to examine the role of energy demands in determining the contours of India's new 'Connect Central Asia' policy. In a world of accelerating energy needs, possession and non-possession of energy sources are determining factors of the global economy of energy with significant impact on international relations and global peace. According to Exxon Mobil World Energy Outlook 2013 the world's population will rise by more than 25 percent from 2010 to 2040 which means growing mobility requirements and energy demand. The rising living standards of the people will also impacts energy demands. These dynamic changes demand understanding of political economy of global energy crisis as a whole and how it has become a strong factor in foreign policy initiatives. The plan of the present research is to contextualise India's energy crisis in the political economy of global energy crisis and investigate how far it is factored in its new found interest in Central Asian countries. Though, India accounts 2.49 per cent of world's annual energy production, its consumption accounts for 3.45 per cent of the global consumption. Its increasing population and enormous growth of middle class is posing a challenge to India in this regard. The research presumes that due to the insecure and unstable supply from the Middle East, India's 'Connect Central Asia' policy has a strong energy angle factored into it.