Department Of Biochemistry And Microbial Sciences

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Heavy metals

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    Brown gold of marginal soil: Plant growth promoting bacteria to overcome plant abiotic stress for agriculture, biofuels and carbon sequestration
    (Elsevier B.V., 2020) Ramakrishna W.; Rathore P.; Kumari R.; Yadav R.
    Marginal land is defined as land with poor soil characteristics and low crop productivity with no potential for profit. Poor soil quality due to the presence of xenobiotics or climate change is of great concern. Sustainable food production with increasing population is a challenge which becomes more difficult due to poor soil quality. Marginal soil can be made productive with the use of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). This review outlines how PGPB can be used to improve marginal soil quality and its implications on agriculture, rhizoremediation, abiotic stress (drought, salinity and heavy metals) tolerance, carbon sequestration and production of biofuels. The feasibility of the idea is supported by several studies which showed maximal increase in the growth of plants inoculated with PGPB than to uninoculated plants grown in marginal soil when compared to the growth of plants inoculated with PGPB in healthy soil. The combination of PGPB and plants grown in marginal soil will serve as a green technology leading to the next green revolution, reduction in soil pollution and fossil fuel use, neutralizing abiotic stress and climate change effects.
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    Pseudomonas citronellolis; a multi-metal resistant and potential plant growth promoter against arsenic (V) stress in chickpea
    (Elsevier, 2019) Adhikary, Arindam; Kumar, R; Pandir,R; Bhardwaj, Pankaj; Wusirika, Ramakrishna; Kumar, Sanjeev
    Soil micro-biota plays a vital role in maintaining plant growth and fitness under normal and adverse conditions. Pseudomonas is one of the most important free-living and copious genera in south-west Punjab and involved in plant growth promotion under heavy metal stress. In this study, we have studied microbial diversity of the agricultural and marginal land based on 16S rRNA gene and screened eight strains of Pseudomonas for its tolerances towards various heavy metals and for plant growth promoting properties (PGP). The best strain is tested in chickpea plants against Arsenic (As5+) stress. All the strains responded differently to heavy metals viz. Arsenic, (As5+ (0.3–0.5M) and As3+ (250 μg mL−1) Cadmium (Cd2+) (250–350 μg mL−1), Chromium (Cr2+) (200–350 μg mL−1) and Mercury (Hg2+) (1–2 μg mL−1). Out of eight strains, only two strains (KM594398 and KM594397) showed plant growth promoting characters, concurrently they were highly tolerant to Arsenic (As5+). Pseudomonas citronellolis (PC) (KM594397) showed the best results in terms of As5+ tolerance and plant growth promoting activity, hence further tested for actual plant growth response in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under As5+ (10–160 mg kg−1) stress. Pseudomonas citronellolis enhanced plant growth and dry biomass under As5+ stress. High As5+ tolerance and plant growth promoting activity of Pseudomonas citronellolis in chickpea especially designate this strain suitable for marginal lands and heavy metals contaminated sites. © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS
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    Estimation of heavy metals in human blood samples- To evaluate immunotoxic correlation with health risk in local population of Malwa region of Punjab
    (Central University of Punjab, 2018) Padhi, Padhi; Jain Manju
    Elements play a significant role in the human body for growth, development, and metabolism. But there are certain heavy metals which adversely affect the various processes of the biological system. A certain amount of different heavy metals is tolerable but above the optimum level, these have a drastic effect on the body. In this work, we evaluated the concentrations of specific heavy metals - Copper, Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead in human blood. The study area chosen is Malwa region of Punjab specifically Bathinda, as the area is reported to have heavy metal contamination in groundwater and soil which enter the food chain. There is no single study demonstrating the presence of heavy metals in blood samples of subjects in the study area and its possible correlation with high incidence of various diseases reported in the region. In our work, we have analyzed the concentration of four heavy metals- Copper, Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead in whole blood samples collected from susceptible and diseased individuals from study area using ICP- MS. Our preliminary data show that the concentration of arsenic and the lead was higher in the diseased group compared to the susceptibility group. Presence of these two heavy metals in blood found to be above the permissible limits can be the possible reason for high disease incidence in the study area.