Department Of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products

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    A review on reported phytochemicals as druggable leads with antimalarial potential
    (Springer, 2023-07-04T00:00:00) Guchait, Avishek; Kumar, Asim; Singh, Roopam; Joshi, Gaurav; Dwivedi, Ashish Ranjan
    The science and practice of drug discovery and development is primarily benefitted from the natural sources. The chemistry of natural products has inspired medicinal chemists to develop and design various therapeutic molecules from the leads obtained from natural sources. This is evident from the growing number of publications on natural products derived from drug molecules. Some of the most successful bioactive natural product candidates so far are Taxol obtained from �Taxus Brevifolia,� Quinine obtained from the bark of the cinchona plant, morphine obtained from the dried latex of the poppy plant, Vincristine, and Vinblastine from �Vinca Rosea,� atropine from �Atropa Belladonna�, Digoxin and Digitoxin from �Digitalis Purpurea� and Artemisinin from �Artemisia Annua�. Parasitic pathogens are one of the significant menaces for the world as they lead to various diseases in hosts, and for many diseases, these parasite compromises the host�s immune system. Malaria is a parasitic disease especially endemic to tropical countries and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. According to the latest data from WHO, millions of patients are suffering from malaria and its related complications on 30th March 2022. Natural products derived leads have brought a paradigm shift in the discovery of antimalarial drugs. The first antimalarial drug, quinine, was isolated from the Cinchona species (Family: Rubiaceae) in 1820 and is still used today. This was followed by another antimalarial drug a century later, chloroquine, discovered in the 1940s. After that, Artemisinin was founded in 1972 by Tu Youyou, co-recipient of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine for her discovery. Unfortunately, the malarial parasite, mainly Plasmodium falciparum, develops resistance to these drugs, and thus there exists a need to explore other natural herbs for their role as antimalarials. The current review is therefore kept forth to congregate updated information on undergoing research in allied areas of natural product-based drug discovery, particularly for developing antimalarial agents. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    Updated ethnobotanical notes, phytochemistry and phytopharmacology of plants belonging to the genus Morus (Family: Moraceae)
    (Elsevier B.V., 2021-09-17T00:00:00) Yadav, Sonam; Nair, Nisha; Biharee, Avadh; Prathap, Vivek Morris; Majeed, Jaseela
    Background: : Mulberry (Genus: Morus, Family: Moraceae) is a flowering plant utilized in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Ayurveda for its ethnobotanical uses in fever, liver protection, diuretics, management of appropriate blood pressure, improving eyesight, and management of cardiovascular disease. Being a plant of multiple ethnobotanical prospects, it is used to prevent kidney diseases, hair problems, weakness, fatigue, constipation, blood disorders, anemia, and premature greying of hair, among few other ailments. This review aims to systematically organize information on the ethnobotanical uses, phytochemical constituents, phytopharmacological actions, and toxicity of the Morus genus as the information shall serve towards future research in drug discovery and help in unearthing molecular basis of pharmacological activity of Mulberry. Method: : Many relevant information sources, such as Elsevier, Science Direct, PubMed, ACS Publications, SciFinder, Wiley, and Google Scholar, Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015, Chinese and Indian herbal classic texts, and Ph.D. dissertation, were used to gather relevant publications till February 2021 on the Morus genus. Results: : Many phytochemicals that are isolated from Morus genus such as Mulberrin, Morin, Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), Epicatechin, Gallic acid, Vanillic acid, Oxyresveratrol, Quercetin, Flavone A, B and C, are proven to be pharmacologically important and have comprehensive biological actions such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, anti-obesity, antidopaminergic, antioxidant activity, as well as skin whitening properties making the plants of Morus genus therapeutically important. Conclusions: : Plants of Morus genus are valuable and are popular in ancient herbal medicine with the extensive pharmacological potential to cure various ailments. While phytochemicals from plants of Morus genus have already been extensively analysed, there may still be unknown compounds that play a role in the plant's biological function which needs to be elucidated. There are significant gaps in our understanding of biological processes involved in activities of these phytochemicals that need more investigation. � 2021 The Author(s)