Department Of Physics
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Item A glimpse on all-solid-state Li-ion battery (ASSLIB) performance based on novel solid polymer electrolytes: a topical review(Springer, 2020) Arya, A; Sharma, A.L.All-solid-state batteries are swiftly gaining the attention of the research community owing to their widespread applications in electric vehicles, digital electronics, portable appliances, etc. A battery comprises three components: cathode, anode and electrolyte. An electrolyte is the heart of the battery and plays a crucial role in the overall performance of the battery. In order to make the review more focused, all-solid-state Li-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) have been considered. This review covers the architecture of ASSLIBs, advantages, and characteristics of the solid polymer electrolytes. The important preparation methods are summarized, followed by the characterizations for testing the suitability of electrolytes for solid-state batteries. The discussion is focused on the "state of the art" in the field of solid-state batteries, device fabrication, and comparison in terms of capacity, energy density, and cyclic stability. In the last section, the ion conduction mechanism in different solid polymer electrolytes is discussed. Finally, it is tried to give a possible outlook for developing future hybrid and multifunctional electrolytes which can act as a bridge for developing solid-state batteries covering a broad range of applications. - 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Item Ion transport, dielectric, and electrochemical properties of sodium ion-conducting polymer nanocomposite: application in EDLC(Springer, 2020) Kumar, A; Madaan, M; Arya, A; Tanwar, S; Sharma, A.L.The present paper reports the investigation of structural, electrical, dielectric, and transport properties of the polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based polymer nanocomposite (PNC), with sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6) salt and barium titanate (BaTiO3) as nanofillers. The PNC has been prepared via standard solution casting technique. The structural investigation has been investigated by X-ray diffraction and evidence the enhancement in amorphous content. The morphology has been examined by Field emission scanning electron microscopy technique and confirms the composite formation. The presence of polymer-ion and ion-ion interaction has been confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and evidences the PNC formation. The impedance spectroscopy has been performed to evaluate the ionic conductivity in the temperature range 40–100 °C.The increase of conductivity is obtained with the addition of nanofiller and temperature-dependent conductivity follows Arrhenius behavior. The PNC film having the highest conductivity exhibits low activation energy and indicates the fast ion migration. The ion transference number is close to unity and the voltage stability window is within the desirable limit. The complex permittivity and complex conductivity have been obtained and the plot has been fitted in the whole frequency window. The fitted plot is in perfect agreement with experimental data. The PNC having the highest conductivity has high dielectric strength and low relaxation time. It confirms the nanofiller role in enhancing ion migration. The ion transport parameters (n, ?, D) are also in correlation with impedance and dielectric analysis. The optimized PNC films have been used to prepare the Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLC) and it demonstrates the improved performance which may be attributed to the effective role played by nanofiller in boosting ion dynamics. - 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Item Investigation on enhancement of electrical, dielectric and ion transport properties of nanoclay-based blend polymer nanocomposites(Springer, 2019) Arya, A; Sharma, A.L.An intercalated blend polymer nanocomposite (PNC) films based on blend (PEO–PVC), LiPF6 as salt and modified montmorillonite (MMMT) as nanoclay are prepared via solution cast method. The impact of the nanoclay on the morphology, structure, polymer–polymer, polymer–ion interactions, ionic conductivity, voltage stability window, glass transition temperature, dielectric permittivity, and ac conductivity has been explored. The structural analysis evidenced the formation of blended and intercalated polymer nanocomposites. The FTIR analysis confirmed the interaction between polymer–ion-nanoclay, and polymer intercalation is evidenced by the out-of-the-plane mode [Si–O mode] of MMMT. An increase in the fraction of free anions with clay addition is confirmed. The highest ionic conductivity of about ~ 8.2 × 10−5 S cm−1 (at RT) and 1.01 × 10−3 S cm−1 (at 100 °C) is exhibited by 5 wt% MMMT based PNC. A strong correlation is observed between the glass transition temperature, crystallinity, melting temperature (Tm), ionic conductivity, relaxation time, and dielectric strength. The dielectric data have been fitted and enhanced dielectric strength and lowering of the relaxation time (τε′andτm) with clay addition evidences the faster segmental motion of polymer chain. The intercalated PNC shows thermal stability up to ~ 300 °C, high ion transference number (~ 1), and broad voltage stability window of ~ 5 V. An absolute agreement between ion mobility (μ), diffusion coefficient (D), and ionic conductivity is observed. An ion transport mechanism has been proposed on the basis of experimental results. Therefore, the proposed PNC can be adopted as electrolyte cum separator for energy storage devices. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.Item Tailoring of the structural, morphological, electrochemical, and dielectric properties of solid polymer electrolyte(Institute for Ionics, 2019) Arya, A; Sharma, A.L.A solid polymer electrolyte composed of poly(ethylene oxide) and sodium hexafluorophosphate has been synthesized with a varying fraction of succinonitrile via solution cast technique. Impedance spectroscopy, transference number measurements, and linear sweep voltammetry were used to study the electrochemical properties. The 10 wt.% succinonitrile system exhibited the highest ionic conductivity of ~ 2 × 10−5 S cm−1 which is two orders of magnitude higher than the pristine polymer salt system. The high ionic transference number (~ 1) confirms that ion conduction is dominated by ions and displays the voltage stability window of about 4 V. The dielectric permittivity and the relaxation time (τε′,τM,τh) values corresponding to the segmental motion of the polymer chain varies with the variation of succinonitrile content. The relaxation time and double-layer capacitance are in good agreement with the conductivity. Finally, an ion transport mechanism has been proposed to provide a better understanding of ion migration. © 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.Item Dielectric relaxation and AC conductivity of TiO2 nanofiller dispersed polymer nanocomposite(American Institute of Physics, 2019) Arya, A; Sadiq, M; Sharma, A.L.The Lithium-ion conducting polymer nanocomposite (PNC) has been synthesized by the standard solution cast technique in the skeleton of PEO-PVC blend with a different content of Titanium oxide (TiO2) as nanofiller. The lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) was used as the salt. The dielectric strength decreases with frequency and is attributed to the dominance of the electrode polarization effect. The highest dielectric strength and lowest relaxation time (1.88ns) were achieved for the 15 wt. % TiO2 (PPS15T) PNCs when compared to other concentrations. The PPS15T exhibits the highest dc conductivity 2.34×10-5 S cm-1 at RT. The dielectric strength (Δϵ) and relaxation time (τϵ′) were in good agreement with the dc conductivity (σdc). An interaction scheme has also been proposed to highlight the interactions between the polymer, salt and nanofiller in most visual manner. © 2019 Author(s).