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    Advance Stable Election Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network
    (Excel India Publishers, 2014) Singh, Mandeep; Sidhu, Navjot
    Wireless sensor network (WSN) is an emerging research field. There are large numbers of sensors that collect and send data to base station. Saving energy by using various routing techniques is a challenge. Clustering is main technique used for this. Various protocols like SEP (Stable Election Protocol) and ESEP (Extended Stable Election Protocol) are clustering based heterogeneous aware protocols. In this paper, a new protocol ASEP (Advance Stable Election Protocol) has been proposed based on SEP. This is based on changing more efficiently and dynamically the cluster head election probability. Performance of this protocol has been evaluated in MATLAB and graphical results have been shown. The performance of ASEP is better than SEP in form of first node dies and total number of packets delivered.
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    Analysis of leach protocol for lifetime optimization of wireless sensor networks
    (Central University of Punjab, 2014) Maurya, Prashant; Kaur, Amanpreet
    A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an emerging field comprised of sensor nodes with limited resources like power, memory etc. It is used to monitor the remote areas where recharging or replacing the battery power of sensor nods is not possible. So, energy is a most challenging issue in case of WSN. Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is most significant protocol which consumes less amount of energy while routing the data to the base station (BS). All descendents protocols of LEACH have been discussed in Literature review chapter. Each descendants of LEACH has its merits and demerits which needs improvement. In this research work RCH-LEACH protocol (LEACH protocol using Relay Cluster Head Node) has been proposed using a relay cluster head node (RCH node) in each cluster. RCH-LEACH protocol has been simulated on MATLAB with fixed location of base station and with fixed percentage of cluster heads in the network. Results of RCH-LEACH has been analyzed using parameters like Energy Consumption per Round, Round when First Node Dies (FND), Round when half of Nodes Die (HND), Round when Last Node Dies (LND) and throughput. Analysis of results represent that FND, HND, LND and Throughput of RCH-LEACH are higher and Energy consumption per Round is lower than that of LEACH protocol. So, it can be concluded that RCH-LEACH outperforms LEACH protocol. This RCH model used in RCH-LEACH protocol can be further extended and implemented on other descendant protocols of LEACH to improve them as a part of future work.
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    Extended stable election protocol with advance probability method in wireless sensor networks
    (Central University of Punjab, 2014) Singh, Mandeep; Sidhu, Navjoot
    Wireless sensor network is an emerging research field. It has gained a lot of attention from industry and academia. Mainly it is used for monitoring and data aggregation from the field. Data is most important in this process as it gives us the useful information. There are lots of techniques to gather data from the field. These techniques or can be said protocols must be energy efficient as this is a main constraint for the sensor nodes having limited battery. Lot of protocols have been designed for this process. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) is a basic protocol that uses clustering. It has significantly increased the life-time of network as compared to old flat protocols. There are various advancements in LEACH. Heterogeneity is also an important matter in sensor network as all the nodes do not lose energy uniformly. SEP (Stable Election Protocol) is a heterogeneous aware protocol based on LEACH and increases the lifetime of the network. ESEP (Extended Stable Election Protocol) is an extended version of the SEP that adds more heterogeneity by adding one more type of nodes. In heterogeneous aware protocols, each type of node has different amount of initial energy. There is a problem that when nodes left with the same amount of residual energy, the probability remains according to initial energy. So a changed ESEP protocol has been proposed. Simulation has been done in MATLAB and proposed protocol gives better performance in terms of first node dies and total number of packets delivered.