Department Of Environmental Science And Technology
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Item Ground/drinking water contaminants and cancer incidence: A case study of rural areas of South West Punjab, India(Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., 2019-12-26T00:00:00) Kaur, Gursharan; Kumar, Ravishankar; Mittal, Sunil; Sahoo, Prafulla Kumar; Vaid, UpmaThis study was carried out in the rural areas of South West Punjab, India, to evaluate the groundwater quality and cancer incidence. The epidemiological study was carried using standardized questionnaire method, and the groundwater samples were analyzed for heavy metals by ICP-MS and AAS. The results showed that the cancer prevalence was highest in the age group of > 60, followed by >45�60 years old in both males and females. The average cancer rate in females (272 cases/lakh) was ?3 times higher than the India�s national cancer average of 80 cases/lakh. The mean concentration of As (27.59 �g/L), Pb (48.3 �g/L), U (96.56 �g/L), NO3� (67.32 mg/L), and F� (4.7 mg/L) exceeded the drinking water limits of WHO/BIS. Health risk analysis indicated that As, Pb, U, and F� with NO3� are the major groundwater contaminants, which may be one of the potential cause of cancer incidences. Multivariate analyses reveal that anthropogenic activities are source of NO3�, whereas U, As, and F� are mainly of geogenic origin. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk followed in the order of As > Pb and U > F�>NO3�>Cu > Zn, respectively. Further, correlations between cancer incidence and groundwater quality have been discussed. � 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Item Phytotoxic selectivity analysis of Eucalyptus tereticornisessential oil against rice, Oryza sativa and its weeds,Echinochloa crus-galli and Cyperus rotundus(Sadhna, 2015) Vishwakarma, G. S.; Sharma, S.; Mittal, SunilThe present study was undertaken to explore the phytotoxic potential of essential oil (EO) fromEucalyptus tereticornis against two major weeds of rice viz Echinochloa crus-galli and Cyperusrotundus. The effect of essential oil was studied on growth (percentage germination, root length andshoot length development) physiological parameters (chlorophyll content and per cent respiration)under controlled conditions in the laboratory. Studies revealed that E tereticornis essential oil (indifferent concentrations ranging from 25 to 250 g/ml) affected the growth and physiology of all thetest plants. However the effect was more predominant on weeds compared to the rice seedlings.When the seeds of test plants were exposed to 100 and 250 g/ml oil concentration seed germinationand seedling development of test weeds were highly affected as compared to rice. C rotundus wasfound to be the most sensitive weed among test plants. In chlorophyll content the reduction at 250 g/ml of essential oil was 60, 80 and 99 per cent in O sativa, E crus-galli and C rotundus respectively.Similarly reduction in respiratory activity on exposure to 250 g/ml of essential oil was 20, 40 and99 per cent in O sativa, E crus-galli and C rotundus respectively. The present study concludes thatessential oil of E tereticornis shows the toxicity selectively towards the E crus-galli and C rotunduscompared to O sativaItem Advances in arsenic biosensor development - a comprehensive review(Elsevier Ltd, 2015) Kaur, Hardeep; Kumar, Rabindra; Babu, , J. Nagendra; Mittal, SunilBiosensors are analytical devices having high sensitivity, portability, small sample requirement and ease of use for qualitative and quantitative monitoring of various analytes of human importance. Arsenic (As), owing to its widespread presence in nature and high toxicity to living creatures, requires frequent determination in water, soil, agricultural and food samples. The present review is an effort to highlight the various advancements made so far in the development of arsenic biosensors based either on recombinant whole cells or on certain arsenic-binding oligonucleotides or proteins. The role of futuristic approaches like surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and aptamer technology has also been discussed. The biomethods employed and their general mechanisms, advantages and limitations in relevance to arsenic biosensors developed so far are intended to be discussed in this review.Item TEQIP-II Sponsored,(2015) Nag, S; Sharma, S; Mittal, Sunil; Kumar, R; Vishwakarma, G. S.Item Equilibrium and Kinetic studies for the Adsorptive Removal of Copper from Aqueous Solution onto Modified Natural Polymer. TEQIP-II Sponsored,(2015) Vaid, U; Thakur, S; Mittal, Sunil; Babu, J. N.Item Untitled(0) Mittal, SunilItem Phytotoxic selectivity analysis of Eucalyptus tereticornis essential oil against rice, Oryza sativa and its weeds, Echinochloa crus-galli and Cyperus rotundus(2015) Vishwakarma, G; Sharma, S; Mittal, SunilItem Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution using biomass derived fly ash from Waste-to- Energy power plant(Taylor & Francis, 2013) Vaid, Upma; Mittal, Sunil; Babu, J. NagendraFly ash from the agricultural waste-based Energy Power Plant has been studied for the adsorption of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. In order to maximize the Cr(VI) removal from simulated aqueous solutions, effects of various parameters i.e. adsorbent dose (10–40 g/L), contact time (5–90 min), variation in pH (1–5), and initial metal ion concentration (10–80 mg/L) on Cr(VI) adsorption were investigated by batch adsorption experiments. It was observed that adsorption of Cr(VI) on the selected adsorbent was dependent on pH. Before optimization of experimental conditions, the percent removal of Cr(VI) from the aqueous solution (10 mg Cr/L) was approximately 4%, which increased to approximately 99% after optimization of experimental conditions. Maximum adsorption was observed upon adding 10 g/L of adsorbent to a 60 mg Cr/L aqueous solution at pH 1.0 and contact time of 90 min at 200 rpm. Equilibrium adsorption data were well fitted in Langmuir isotherm model which substantiate monolayer adsorption of Cr(VI) on fly ash. Kinetics of Cr(VI) adsorption on fly ash follows pseudo-second-order reaction.Item Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution: a comparative study of cone biomass of “Picea smithiana” and activated charcoal(Taylor & Francis, 2016) Mittal, Sunil; Vaid, Upma; Najar, Gh Nabi; Babu, J. NagendraThe present work investigates comparative adsorption efficiency of powdered cone biomass of Picea smithiana (PCBP) and activated charcoal (AC) for removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr) (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solution. The study indicates that PCBP has 76% removal efficiency for Cr as compared to AC. Particle size and SEM-EDX analyses were done to determine average particle size, surface morphology and elemental composition of PCBP. BET and FTIR analysis were carried out to elucidate the adsorption mechanism of Cr(VI) on PCBP. Ashing has been proposed as a method for managing waste of loaded PCBP generated in adsorption. Ashing studies showed the ash content of PCBP to contribute only 13% of the ash generated from loaded biomass. Further, a comparative study has been made indicating the adsorption efficiency of PCBP with previously reported bio-waste materials. The results of this study show that PCBP has high adsorption efficiency as compared to other bio-waste materials.Item In situ reductive regeneration of zerovalent iron nanoparticles immobilized on cellulose for atom efficient Cr( VI ) adsorption(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015) Sharma,Archana Kumari; Kumar,Rabindra; Mittal, Sunil; Hussain,Shamima; Arora, Meenu; Sharma, R.C.; Babu, J. NagendraZerovalent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) (11.8 ± 0.2% w/w) immobilized on microcrystalline cellulose (C-nZVI) were synthesized and studied for Cr(VI) sorption. The material showed good atom economy for Cr(VI) adsorption (562.8 mg g−1 of nZVI). Oxidation of cellulose to cellulose dialdehyde leads to in situ regeneration of nZVI which is responsible for the atom efficient Cr(VI) sorption by C-nZVI.