Department Of Environmental Science And Technology

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/84

Browse

Author: search.filters.author.Sahoo, Prafulla KumarSubject: search.filters.subject.heavy metals

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Uranium and Fluoride Accumulation in Vegetable and Cereal Crops: A Review on Current Status and Crop-Wise Differences
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-09-19T00:00:00) Sachdeva, Saloni; Powell, Mike A.; Nandini, Girish; Kumar, Hemant; Kumar, Rakesh; Sahoo, Prafulla Kumar
    Uranium (U) and fluoride (F?) contamination in agricultural products, especially vegetable and cereal crops, has raised serious concerns about food safety and human health on a global scale. To date, numerous studies have reported U and F? contamination in vegetable and cereal crops at local scales, but the available information is dispersed, and crop-wise differences are lacking. This paper reviews the current status of knowledge on this subject by compiling relevant published literatures between 1983 and 2023 using databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Based on the median values, F? levels ranged from 0.5 to 177 mg/kg, with higher concentrations in non-leafy vegetables, such as Indian squash �Praecitrullus fistulosus� (177 mg/kg) and cucumber �Cucumis sativus� (96.25 mg/kg). For leafy vegetables, the maximum levels were recorded in bathua �Chenopodium album� (72.01 mg/kg) and mint �Mentha arvensis� (44.34 mg/kg), where more than 50% of the vegetable varieties had concentrations of >4 mg/kg. The concentration of U ranged from 0.01 to 17.28 mg/kg; tubers and peels of non-leafy vegetables, particularly radishes �Raphanus sativus� (1.15 mg/kg) and cucumber �Cucumis sativus� (0.42 mg/kg), contained higher levels. These crops have the potential to form organometallic complexes with U, resulting in more severe threats to human health. For cereal crops (based on median values), the maximum F? level was found in bajra �Pennisetum glaucum� (15.18 mg/kg), followed by chana �Cicer arietinum� (7.8 mg/kg) and split green gram �Vigna mungo� (4.14 mg/kg), while the maximum accumulation of U was recorded for barley �Hordeum vulgare� (2.89 mg/kg), followed by split green gram �Vigna mungo� (0.45 mg/kg). There are significant differences in U and F? concentrations in either crop type based on individual studies or countries. These differences can be explained mainly due to changes in geogenic and anthropogenic factors, thereby making policy decisions related to health and intake difficult at even small spatial scales. Methodologies for comprehensive regional�or larger�policy scales will require further research and should include strategies to restrict crop intake in specified �hot spots�. � 2023 by the authors.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Ground/drinking water contaminants and cancer incidence: A case study of rural areas of South West Punjab, India
    (Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., 2019-12-26T00:00:00) Kaur, Gursharan; Kumar, Ravishankar; Mittal, Sunil; Sahoo, Prafulla Kumar; Vaid, Upma
    This study was carried out in the rural areas of South West Punjab, India, to evaluate the groundwater quality and cancer incidence. The epidemiological study was carried using standardized questionnaire method, and the groundwater samples were analyzed for heavy metals by ICP-MS and AAS. The results showed that the cancer prevalence was highest in the age group of > 60, followed by >45�60 years old in both males and females. The average cancer rate in females (272 cases/lakh) was ?3 times higher than the India�s national cancer average of 80 cases/lakh. The mean concentration of As (27.59 �g/L), Pb (48.3 �g/L), U (96.56 �g/L), NO3� (67.32 mg/L), and F� (4.7 mg/L) exceeded the drinking water limits of WHO/BIS. Health risk analysis indicated that As, Pb, U, and F� with NO3� are the major groundwater contaminants, which may be one of the potential cause of cancer incidences. Multivariate analyses reveal that anthropogenic activities are source of NO3�, whereas U, As, and F� are mainly of geogenic origin. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk followed in the order of As > Pb and U > F�>NO3�>Cu > Zn, respectively. Further, correlations between cancer incidence and groundwater quality have been discussed. � 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Geochemical assessment of groundwater contaminants and associated health risks in the Shivalik region of Punjab, India
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2020-08-07T00:00:00) Mittal, Sunil; Kumar, Ravishankar; Sahoo, Prafulla Kumar; Sahoo, Sunil Kumar
    The present study investigates the groundwater suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Shivalik region of Punjab, India. The results revealed that the concentration of Se, U, and F? exceeded BIS acceptable drinking water standards in 18%, 9%, and 16% samples, respectively. Multivariate analyses indicate the geogenic origin for As, U, Fe, F? and SO42?, and anthropogenic for NO3?, Cu, and Cr. The carcinogenic risk of drinking water is in very low (10?6) to low (10?5) category, while cumulative non-carcinogenic risk (HI-1.2) is slightly higher than USEPA limits (HI-1). The groundwater quality was found suitable for irrigation purpose. � 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.