Department Of Environmental Science And Technology

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    Phytobiomass-based nanoadsorbents for sequestration of aquatic emerging contaminants: An Overview
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2023-02-15T00:00:00) Sharma, Anchal; Kumar, Nitin; Mudhoo, Ackmez; Garg, Vinod Kumar
    Nanotechnology that is based on phytobiomass is a technique that has the potential to play a major role in wastewater treatment since it is environmentally friendly, easy to deploy, and cost-effective. This technology employs plant parts such as leaves, flowers, stems, seeds and roots, and agricultural wastes to synthesize nanoadsorbents. These nanoadsorbents have unique properties, such as smaller size, higher surface-volume ratio, magnetic behaviour, thermal stability, selectivity, porous structure, surface functionalization, catalytic properties and target-specific capabilities, which make them an attractive material for removing �Emerging Contaminants� from contaminated water and wastewater. Pharmaceuticals, personal care products, endocrine disruptors, surfactants, disinfectants, flame retardants and pesticides are the various classes of emerging contaminants used almost every day globally. Adsorption is one green and sustainable technology that has shown excellent performance when employing nanoadsorbents to purify contaminated water. It is an effective and efficient technology for removing emerging contaminants that inform polluted water or wastewater to restore water quality. This review aims to summarize the current research progress in the use of different nanoadsorbents synthesized from various plant parts for removing aqueous emerging contaminants. � 2023 Elsevier Ltd
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    A decadal analysis to unravel the global status of emerging contaminants in wastewaters and comparison with the Indian context
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022-07-07T00:00:00) Kerketta, Anjali; Sahoo, Prafulla Kumar
    The prevalence of emerging contaminants (ECs) in wastewaters is troublesome because of their widespread and persistent nature, posing a threat to living organisms when exposed for prolonged durations. We conducted an extensive literature assessment for this study to present the overall global status of the occurrence of ECs regardless of their class by compiling relevant publications from the previous decade. The most commonly investigated category were pharmaceuticals (particularly antibiotics and anti-inflammatories/analgesics), personal care products (PCPs), and industrial chemicals (IDC). The most concentrated compounds in the global influents and effluents were Acetaminophen (500 ?g/L), an analgesic, and Saccharine (379 ?g/L), an artificial sweetener, reported from Canada and India, respectively. Irrespective of its prevalence, the presence of artificial sweeteners (ASWs), surfactants, etc., in wastewaters have often been overlooked. Most of the sub-classes exhibited minor to moderate elimination efficiency, with anti-diabetic drugs showing the highest among all. However, insignificant changes (artificial sweeteners, phthalates, etc.) and negative removal (anti-depressants, anti-psychotics, etc.) were also observed. Furthermore, Caffeine, Ampicillin, and Trimethoprim were reported at extremely high concentrations in India than in the rest of the world. Irgasan, Benzothiazoles, Sparfloxacin, etc., were also quite predominant in India, which has yet to be recorded in any other country. Therefore, the universally implemented conventional approaches are incapable of total elimination for all ECs. Hence, the traditional methods should be paired with the advanced techniques that have shown positive removal for certain ECs, which can be a promising solution to this problem. These findings will aid in establishing which classes and compounds demand immediate attention for further investigation and monitoring, allowing water managers to take necessary measures to reduce pollutant levels at the source and develop water protection policies. � 2022 Elsevier B.V.