Department Of Environmental Science And Technology

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/84

Browse

Subject: search.filters.subject.Chemical Analysis

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Taxonomical establishment and compositional studies of a new cordyceps (ascomycetes) species from the northwest himalayas (India)
    (Begell House Inc., 2016) Sharma, S.K.; Gautam, N.; Atri, N.S.; Dhancholia, S.
    During a frequent survey in the northwest Indian Himalayan region, a new species-Cordyceps macleodganensis-was encountered. This species is described on the basis of its macromorphological features, microscopic details, and internal transcribed spacer sequencing. This species showed only 90% resemblance to Cordyceps gracilis. The chemical composition of the mycelium showed protein (14.95 ? 0.2%) and carbohydrates (59.21 ? 3.8%) as the major nutrients. This species showed appreciable amounts of ?-carotene, lycopene, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and flavonoids. Mycelial culture of this species showed higher effectiveness for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferrous ion-chelating activity, and scavenging ability on superoxide anion-derived radicals, calculated by half-maximal effective concentrations. ? 2016 Begell House, Inc.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Assessment and monitoring of land degradation using geospatial technology in Bathinda district, Punjab, India
    (Copernicus GmbH, 2018) Ahmad, N.; Pandey, P.
    Land degradation leads to alteration of ecological and economic functions due to a decrease in productivity and quality of the land. The aim of the present study was to assess land degradation with the help of geospatial technology - remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) - in Bathinda district, Punjab. The severity of land degradation was estimated quantitatively by analyzing the physico-chemical parameters in the laboratory to determine saline or salt-free soils and calcareous or sodic soils and further correlating them with satellite-based studies. The pH varied between 7.37 and 8.59, electrical conductivity (EC) between 1.97 and 8.78dS m 1 and the methyl orange or total alkalinity between 0.070 and 0.223 (HCO3 )g L 1 as CaCO3. The spatial variability in these soil parameters was depicted through soil maps generated in a GIS environment. The results revealed that the soil in the study area was exposed to salt intrusion, which could be mainly attributed to irrigation practices in the state of Punjab. Most of the soil samples of the study area were slightly or moderately saline with a few salt-free sites. Furthermore, the majority of the soil samples were calcareous and a few samples were alkaline or sodic in nature. A comparative analysis of temporal satellite datasets of Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS of 2000 and 2014, respectively, revealed that the water body showed a slight decreasing trend from 2.46km2 in 2000 to 1.87km2 in 2014, while the human settlements and other built-up areas expanded from 586.25 to 891.09km2 in a span of 14 years. The results also showed a decrease in area under barren land from 68.9847km2 in 2000 to 15.26km2 in 2014. A significant correlation was observed between the digital number (DN) of the near-infrared band and pH and EC. Therefore, it is suggested that the present study can be applied to projects with special relevance to soil scientists, environmental scientists and planning agencies that can use the present study as baseline data to combat land degradation and conserve land resources in an efficient manner. ? Author(s) 2018.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Effect of chemo-mechanical disintegration on sludge anaerobic digestion for enhanced biogas production
    (Springer Verlag, 2016) Kavitha, S.; Saji Pray, S.; Yogalakshmi, K.N.; Adish Kumar, S.; Yeom, I.-T.; Rajesh banu, J.
    The effect of combined surfactant-dispersion pretreatment on dairy waste activated sludge (WAS) reduction in anaerobic digesters was investigated. The experiments were performed with surfactant, Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the range of 0.01 to 0.1?g/g suspended solids (SS) and disperser with rpm of 5000?25,000. The COD (chemical oxygen demand) solubilization, suspended solids reduction, and biogas generation increased for an energy input of 7377?kJ/kg total solids (TS) (12,000?rpm, 0.04?g/g SS, and 30?min) and were found to be 38, 32, and 75?%, higher than that of control. The pretreated sludge improved the performance of semicontinuous anaerobic digesters of 4?L working volume operated at four different SRTs (sludge retention time). SRT of 15?days was found to be appropriate showing 49 and 51?% reduction in SS and volatile solids (VS), respectively. The methane yield of the pretreated sample was observed to be 50?mL/g VS removed which was observed to be comparatively higher than the control (12?mL/g VS removed) at optimal SRT of 15?days. To the best of the authors? knowledge, this study is the first to be reported and not yet been documented in literature. ? 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.