School Of Environment And Earth Sciences
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Item Synergistic effect of TiO2 nanostructured cathode in microbial fuel cell for bioelectricity enhancement(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-03-30T00:00:00) Jaswal, Vijay; J, Rajesh Banu; N, Yogalakshmi K.Nano-bedecking of electrode with nanoparticles is an effective method to improve power generation of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this study, different concentrations (0.25 mg cm?2, 0.50 mg cm?2, 0.75 mg cm?2 and 1.0 mg cm?2) of TiO2 nanoparticles of size 10�25 nm were overlaid on the carbon cloth (CC) using spray pyrolysis technique and used as catalytic cathode in a dual-chambered microbial fuel cell treating distillery wastewater. Results evidenced that TiO2 nanoparticles modified cathode increased the power generation and recorded a highest power and current density of 162.5 � 2 mW m?2 and 1.4 � 0.005 A m?2, respectively. Carbon cloth coated with 0.50 mg cm?2 TiO2 nanoparticles showed 2.8 and 7.3 times higher current and power density as compared to uncoated cathode. MFC operated at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR) of 72 h and 59.2 g COD L?1 d?1 showed a maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 72.3% which was 15.3% higher than the control MFC. Likewise, the coulombic efficiency of control and modified MFC was 33% and 44%, respectively. The maximum NO3?- N, NO2?- N and NH4+- N removal efficiency of 77.3%, 49.9% and 59.4% were observed for TiO2 nanoparticles modified electrode which was 19.3%, 11.4% and 10.5% higher than control. TiO2 modified cathode was effective in enhancing the bioelectricity generation in MFCs. � 2023Item Anode modification: An approach to improve power generation in microbial fuel cells (MFCs)(Elsevier, 2023-01-27T00:00:00) Rani, Gini; Jaswal, Vijay; Yogalakshmi, K.N.Global energy demand is continuously increasing and has become a matter of concern. At present, 86% of the energy demand are accomplished by fossil fuels, but these deliver harmful effects on the environment by releasing CO2 in the atmosphere. Contrary, though nonrenewable resources such as solar, wind, and bioenergy possess minimal carbon footprints, they suffer from limitations of higher installation cost, low efficiency, and complex operation system. Since the past two decades, a relatively new sustainable technology, the microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have emerged with potential to convert the bond energy of molecules present in organic/inorganic waste into electric energy with the help of microbes. The electricity produced through the release of electrons during microbial degradation of organic waste can be used to offset the running cost of wastewater treatment plants. The performance of the MFCs is influenced by a number of cofactors, viz. type of reactor, nature of feed, microbial consortia, electrode material, and mode of operation. Anode plays a significant role in the power enhancement. Across the globe, various research groups are working to enhance the efficiency and power output of anode through its modification using conductive polymers (polypyrrole and polyaniline), metal oxides, nanomaterials, and many others. MFC operated with the electrochemically reduced graphene oxide modified anode evidenced a power density enhanced by 17.5 times as compared to carbon cloth. In the past 5 years, power density ranging from 6.12 to 6119mWm?2 was observed with various modified anode. The chapter will throw light on anode materials popularly used in MFC, method/techniques used for its modification to enhance energy output and limitations that restrict its wide-scale application. � 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Item Rice husk-derived silicon nanostructured anode to enhance power generation in microbial fuel cell treating distillery wastewater(Academic Press, 2022-12-16T00:00:00) Jaswal, Vijay; Kadapakkam Nandabalan, YogalakshmiThe present study aims to utilize rice husk as a source of silica to prepare rice husk derived silicon nanoparticles (RH-Si) and demonstrate its ability as an anode modifier in a two-chambered H-shaped microbial fuel cell (MFC). The silicon nanoparticles synthesized by magnesiothermal reduction process were spherical in shape and ranged in size from 15 to 60 nm. The anode modified with silicon nanoparticles of 0.50 mg cm?2 recorded the maximum power and current density of 190.5 mW m?2 and 1.5 A m?2 corresponding to 7.6-fold and 3-fold increase as compared to the control. The modified anode also recorded a COD removal and coulombic efficiency of 74% and 49%, respectively in MFC operated with combined distillery and domestic wastewater at a HRT and OLR of 72 h and 59.2 gCOD L?1 d?1, respectively. The results evidence that RH derived silicon NPs are good anode modifiers and effective in enhancing bioelectricity generation and COD removal in MFCs. � 2022 Elsevier Ltd