School Of Environment And Earth Sciences
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Item Chitin and chitosan-based support materials for enzyme immobilization and biotechnological applications(Springer, 2020) Verma, M.L; Kumar, S; Das, A; Randhawa, J.S; Chamundeeswari, M.Enzymes of industrial importance are primarily employed for biotechnological applications. However, high-cost and instability issues of purified enzymes hamper their usage. Multiple reuses rather than the single use is more�cost-effective. A�robuster bioprocess is feasible by enzyme immobilization. Performance of immobilized enzymes depends on the nature of support materials. Chitin and its derivatives-based supports offer stability and cost-effective bioprocessing. Chitosan is�biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic and has�multiple functional groups. A variety of supports such as chitosan, chitosan film, chitosan nanoparticle and chitosan nanocomposite are employed for enzyme immobilization. Chitosan bound enzymes, as compared to free enzymes, have improved the�biocatalytic performances due to exceptionally high operational stability and reusability. Here we review enzymes immobilized on chitin/chitosan supporting materials with�applications ranging from agriculture to drug delivery. � 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Item Chitin and chitosan-based support materials for enzyme immobilization and biotechnological applications(Springer Verlag, 2019) Verma M.L.; Kumar S.; Das A.; Randhawa J.S.; Chamundeeswari M.Enzymes of industrial importance are primarily employed for biotechnological applications. However, high-cost and instability issues of purified enzymes hamper their usage. Multiple reuses rather than the single use is more cost-effective. A robuster bioprocess is feasible by enzyme immobilization. Performance of immobilized enzymes depends on the nature of support materials. Chitin and its derivatives-based supports offer stability and cost-effective bioprocessing. Chitosan is biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic and has multiple functional groups. A variety of supports such as chitosan, chitosan film, chitosan nanoparticle and chitosan nanocomposite are employed for enzyme immobilization. Chitosan bound enzymes, as compared to free enzymes, have improved the biocatalytic performances due to exceptionally high operational stability and reusability. Here we review enzymes immobilized on chitin/chitosan supporting materials with applications ranging from agriculture to drug delivery.Item Control of sludge microbial biofilm by novel quorum quenching bacteria Pseudomonas nitroreducens JYQ3 and Pseudomonas JYQ4 encapsulated sodium alginate - Magnetic iron nanocomposites(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Kaur J.; Yogalakshmi K.N.Biofouling control via quorum quenching (QQ) approach is becoming popular among other fouling mitigation strategies. In the present study, the mitigation of membrane biofouling problem via disruption of cell-to-cell communication was studied by immobilizing QQ bacteria in sodium alginate magnetic nanocomposite beads. Two QQ bacteria viz. Pseudomonas nitroreducens JYQ3 and Pseudomonas JYQ4 isolated from dairy waste activated sludge was immobilized individually into the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the successful immobilization of QQ bacteria into the alginate nanoparticle beads. The Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) results provided evidence of biofouling controlled activities of Pseudomonas nitroreducens JYQ3 and Pseudomonas JYQ4 immobilized nanocomposite (IMN) beads. Further, the membranes incubated with Pseudomonas nitroreducens JYQ3 and Pseudomonas JYQ4 IMN beads showed better flux (19% and 22% higher, respectively) than the control. Hence, the results revealed that the QQ bacteria IMN beads would be an efficient approach for controlling the biofilm developed on the cellulose acetate membrane surface.