School Of Environment And Earth Sciences

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    Paleoclimate And Paleoenvironment Analysis Of Panchet Formation Of Damodar Basin, India Using Xrd Analysis
    (Central University of Punjab, 2018) Boral, Nandan; Sharma, K Milankumar
    The bulk rock geochemistry of 14 samples collected from the Asansol district, West Bengal, India, from the Northern bank of the river Damodar were analysed using XRD. The studied area belongs to the Panchet Formation of Lower Triassic age of Lower Gondwana group of rocks. The major analysis has been done using the clay mineralogy. These data enables to reconstruct the ancient environmental and climatic condition during the deposition. Samples were dried in an oven up to 65°c temperature for a week and grinded to finest level in Retch RS200.Raw XRD data receive were analysed in X'Pert high software. SEM samples were prepared by disintegrating sandstone with Hydrogen peroxide. Equal sized quartz grains were analyzed under Carl Zeiss Merlin Compact 6073 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope and their surface textures observed. Three major clays (Smectite, Illite and Kaolinite) have been identified for the correlation with different sections. The percentage of these three clays calculated manually. Presence of high Smectite with Kaolinite indicates warm humid environment of formation, with rainfall ranging from 50-150 cm, higher amount of Smectite over Kaolinite indicates variation in seasonality during the deposition.
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    Microstructure Analysis Of Miocene Shark Teeth Of Baripada Beds, Odisha, India
    (Central University of Punjab, 2018) Gogoi, Bikash Jyoti; Sharma, K Milankumar
    The present study focuses on the microstructures of Miocene shark teeth of different taxa. For this, samples have been collected from Baripada area, along the river Burhabalang, in the state of Odisha, a place which has undergone global marine transgression in the late Miocene age and yields a good and diverse assemblage of fossils. For the process of analysis, the samples have been polished with corundum powder mixed with one or two drops of water and etched with 2N HCl and acetone. Analysis has been done using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and the results showed that the Chondrichthyan group of sharks has a single homogenous layer known as the Single Crystallite Enameloid (SCE), whereas the Neoselachian group of sharks are more advanced, complex and undergone evolution, comprising of a triple-layered enameloid, namely the Shiny Layer Enameloid (SLE), the Parallel Bundled Enameloid (PBE) and the Tangled Bundled Enameloid (TBE). The study is done to examine different microstructural forms and conduct comparative analysis. In this study, majority of the samples have shown to belong to the Neoselachian group, whilst the remaining few were shown to have Chondricthyan origin. The enameloid in the shark teeth is much harder than the dentin due to the presence of high mineral content and shows a more complex organisation of crystallites at the apical portion of the teeth.