School Of Environment And Earth Sciences

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://kr.cup.edu.in/handle/32116/83

Browse

Subject: search.filters.subject.Characterization

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Chemical and physical properties of nanoparticles and hybrid materials
    (Elsevier, 2022-01-21T00:00:00) Gupta, Renuka; Chauhan, Heena; Garg, Vinod Kumar; Kataria, Navish
    Nanotechnology is one among the fastest emerging fields of science and engineering in which nanostructures are designed, engineered, and fabricated by manipulation of matter in the range from 1 to 100 nm. Scientists and researchers are continuously working on designing and development of micro/nano-sized materials that include nanocomposites, hybrid materials, metal-organic frameworks, doped metal oxides, nanocarbon, functionalized and surface modified nanomaterials, etc. Nanomaterials are synthesized from bulk materials that efficiently enhance and upgrade the chemical and physical properties. The chemical properties of nanomaterials depend on the composition of particles that set the potential of matter to undergo chemical reactions. These mainly include heat of combustion, oxidation, partition coefficient, molecular weight, boiling point, melting point, solubility, stability, flammability, zeta potential, corrosion, reactivity, chemical composition, radioactivity, etc. However, physical properties of nanomaterials depend on the arrangement and state of the particles and are demonstrated by particle size distribution, shape, density, viscosity, crystalline structure, odor, surface area, etc. Due to these properties nanomaterials are the potential candidates for various commercial and domestic applications such as photocatalysis, imaging, redox reaction, agricultural practices, medical diagnosis and therapy, energy-based research, biotechnology, and environmental pollution detection and management. Various techniques used to characterize the physical and chemical properties of nanostructures include scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), etc. This chapter deals with the physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials with a review on their synthesis and analysis method. Applications of nanomaterials in diverse areas have also been discussed in this chapter. � 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Spectroscopic, thermogravimetric and structural characterization analyses for comparing Municipal Solid Waste composts and vermicomposts stability and maturity
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2017) Soobhany, N.; Gunasee, S.; Rago, Y.P.; Joyram, H.; Raghoo, P.; Mohee, R.; Garg, V.K.
    This is the first-ever study of its kind for an extensive assessment and comparison of maturity indexes between compost and vermicompost that have been derived from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). The spectroscopic (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and structural characterization (scanning electron microscope: SEM) were recorded. FT-IR spectra showed an increase in conversion of polysaccharides species and aliphatic methylene groups in vermicompost compared to compost as depicted from the variation of the intensity of the peaks. TG curves of final vermicompost showed a much lower mass loss when compared to compost, indicating higher stability in feedstock. SEM micrographs of the vermicompost reflected strong fragmentation of material than composts which revealed the extent of intra-structural degradation of MSW. These findings elucidate on a clear comparison between composts and vermicomposts in terms of maturity indexes for soil enhancement and in agriculture as organic fertilizer. - 2017 Elsevier Ltd