School Of Environment And Earth Sciences

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Urban heat island

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    Urban Heat Island (UHI) Resilience Plan in Varying Climatic Conditions Using Geospatial Approach: A Case Study of Rajkot City
    (Springer International Publishing, 2023-05-19T00:00:00) Kotecha, Mit J.; Kanga, Shruti; Pankhaniya, Sagar K.; Agrawal, Sneha; Meraj, Gowhar; Singh, Suraj Kumar
    During the twenty-first century, urbanization and industrialization are rapidly growing in India, adversely destroying the climate. Urban Heat Island can be discerned in urban areas due to anthropogenic activities, industrialization, deforesta-tion, etc. The main peculiarity of the UHI effect is a rise in temperature in core urban areas than their rural surroundings, leading to excessive energy usage and putting the urban population at significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the study of UHI is crucial for adaptation to climate change and making the city resilient. In this study, the LST and air temperature (ambient) of Rajkot city were assessed. We derived isotherm for Rajkot city for three locations: Trikon Baugh, Madhapar Chowk, and Atika industrial area having diverse typologies. The inconsistency between LST and ambient air temperature has been found out. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, which contribute to the UHI effect, were also analyzed for these locations. From the analysis, UHI�s resilient strategies, effectiveness, and resilience were established to help provide recommendations for applying resilient strategies. The four central resilient systems are integrating reduction and response of UHI for existing policies and programs, strengthening and building green infrastructure, alleviating cool roofs, and creating cool road infrastructure. Detailed demonstration of resilient strategies was given through T.P. scheme-10 of Rajkot. � The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.
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    Spatial trends of surface urban heat island in Bathinda: a semiarid city of northwestern India
    (Institute for Ionics, 2021-10-25T00:00:00) Kaur, R.; Pandey, P.
    The rising global temperature coupled with the urban heat island has considerable adverse impacts on urban inhabitants and ecological integrity. An attempt has been made in the present study to monitor the surface urban heat island effect for the Bathinda District of Punjab, India. The surface urban heat island effect was monitored for the period of 5�years (2015�2019) using Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS data. The surface temperature distribution pattern was investigated by spatial extension and statistical analysis of land surface temperature dataset. The spatial autocorrelation among the data was analyzed using Moran�s Index and Getis-Ord Gi* statistics. Besides, the impact of land use land cover on land surface temperature was examined using correlation, covariance and multivariate analysis between land surface temperature and spectral indices. The results revealed that the vegetated and water surfaces accounted for low surface temperature (19.98�30.45��C), while built-up areas with high temperature (26.47�44.01��C) had amplified the heat island effect. The spatial autocorrelation with Moran�s Index (above 0.5) confirmed the spatial clustering with low p values (< 0.001) and high z values (> 2.58). Further, the hot spot analysis validated that the higher-temperature pixels lie in urban areas with dense infrastructure, while vegetated areas exhibit clusters with low-temperature values. Hence, the study inferred the occurrence of surface urban heat island with the urban heat island index of 0.7�1 for the urban cluster. The correlation between spectral indices and land surface temperature urges the need of adequate urban planning with vital urban greening, in order to achieve the urban sustainable development goals. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] � 2021, Islamic Azad University (IAU).