School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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Author: search.filters.author.Gopalakrishnan, Abilash ValsalaSubject: search.filters.subject.Pathophysiology

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    Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) and Parkinson�s Disease (PD): a Mechanistic Approach
    (Springer, 2023-04-28T00:00:00) Sabari, S. Sri; Balasubramani, Kiruthika; Iyer, Mahalaxmi; Sureshbabu, Harysh Winster; Venkatesan, Dhivya; Gopalakrishnan, Abilash Valsala; Narayanaswamy, Arul; Senthil Kumar, Nachimuthu; Vellingiri, Balachandar
    Growing evidence suggest that there is a connection between Parkinson�s disease (PD) and insulin dysregulation in the brain, whilst the connection between PD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still up for debate. Insulin is widely recognised to play a crucial role in neuronal survival and brain function; any changes in insulin metabolism and signalling in the central nervous system (CNS) can lead to the development of various brain disorders. There is accumulating evidence linking T2DM to PD and other neurodegenerative diseases. In fact, they have a lot in common patho-physiologically, including insulin dysregulation, oxidative stress resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, microglial activation, and inflammation. As a result, initial research should focus on the role of insulin and its molecular mechanism in order to develop therapeutic outcomes. In this current review, we will look into the link between T2DM and PD, the function of insulin in the brain, and studies related to impact of insulin in causing T2DM and PD. Further, we have also highlighted the role of various insulin signalling pathway in both T2DM and PD. We have also suggested that T2DM-targeting pharmacological strategies as potential therapeutic approach for individuals with cognitive impairment, and we have demonstrated the effectiveness of T2DM-prescribed drugs through current PD treatment trials. In conclusion, this investigation would fill a research gap in T2DM-associated Parkinson�s disease (PD) with a potential therapy option. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    Implications of cancer stem cells in diabetes and pancreatic cancer
    (Elsevier Inc., 2022-11-19T00:00:00) Mukherjee, Anirban Goutam; Wanjari, Uddesh Ramesh; Gopalakrishnan, Abilash Valsala; Bradu, Pragya; Sukumar, Aarthi; Patil, Megha; Renu, Kaviyarasi; Dey, Abhijit; Vellingiri, Balachandar; George, Alex; Ganesan, Raja
    This review provides a detailed study of pancreatic cancer (PC) and the implication of different types of cancers concerning diabetes. The combination of anti-diabetic drugs with other anti-cancer drugs and phytochemicals can help prevent and treat this disease. PC cancer stem cells (CSCs) and how they migrate and develop into malignant tumors are discussed. A detailed explanation of the different mechanisms of diabetes development, which can enhance the pancreatic CSCs' proliferation by increasing the IGF factor levels, epigenetic modifications, DNA damage, and the influence of lifestyle factors like obesity, and inflammation, has been discussed. It also explains how cancer due to diabetes is associated with high mortality rates. One of the well-known diabetic drugs, metformin, can be combined with other anti-cancer drugs and prevent the development of PC and has been taken as one of the prime focus in this review. Overall, this paper provides insight into the relationship between diabetes and PC and the methods that can be employed to diagnose this disease at an earlier stage successfully. � 2022 Elsevier Inc.