School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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Author: search.filters.author.Rubal

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    Association of elevated levels of C-reactive protein with breast cancer, breast cancer subtypes, and poor outcome
    (Mosby Inc., 2019) Kaur R.P.; Rubal; Banipal R.P.S.; Vashistha R.; Dhiman M.; Munshi A.
    Background and Purpose: Inflammation and caner are linked in a bidirectional manner. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important inflammatory marker. The aim of the study was to test whether the inflammatory marker, CRP at the time of diagnosis of breast cancer is associated with metastasis, recurrence, and death in breast cancer patients from Malwa region of Punjab where breast cancer is widely feared. Material and Methods: Two hundred and forty-two breast cancer patients and 242 age and sex matched controls were included in the study. CRP levels were estimated using fully automated bio analyzer Erba200. Follow up interviews were conducted at an interval of 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, and 27 months to determine the outcome among breast cancer patients. Results: Elevated levels of CRP were found among the diseased in comparison with controls (P < 0.0001). Higher CRP levels associated significantly with poor outcome including metastasis and recurrence among breast cancer patients [P = 0.03; 95% confidence interval; odds ratio: 2.954 (0.9125-9.561)]. Conclusion: Elevated levels of CRP associated significantly with increased risk of breast cancer and poor outcome. CRP estimation may be a simple and inexpensive tool for the risk assessment and outcome of the disease in Malwa region of Punjab where incidence of breast cancer is reported to be very high.
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    Flavonoid Secondary Metabolite: Biosynthesis and Role in Growth and Development in Plants
    (Springer, 2018) Kumar, Vinay; Suman, Upsana; Rubal; Yadav, Sudesh Kumar
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    Flavonoid accumulation as adaptation response in plants during abiotic stresses
    (Routledge Taylor & Franchis Group, 2018) Rubal; Dhawan, Ashok; Kumar, Vinay
    Flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites and are required for the proper growth and development of plants. Flavonoids also contribute by providing protection against adverse environmental conditions due to their antioxidant properties. The flavonoid biosynthetic pathway and its regulatory mechanism provide insight through the in-depth understanding of higher accumulation of flavonoid content required for growth and development and improved tolerance under abiotic stresses. The metabolic engineering of a selected set of biosynthetic pathway related genes has been achieved for providing better adaption under environmental constraints. The complied information could be exploited for the advancement of crop improvement programs under adverse environmental conditions by the accumulation of flavonoid contents.