School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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    HPV-associated cancers: insights into the mechanistic scenario and latest updates
    (Springer, 2023-06-26T00:00:00) Mukherjee, Anirban Goutam; Ramesh Wanjari, Uddesh; Valsala Gopalakrishnan, Abilash; Jayaraj, Rama; Katturajan, Ramkumar; Kannampuzha, Sandra; Murali, Reshma; Namachivayam, Arunraj; Evan Prince, Sabina; Vellingiri, Balachandar; Dey, Abhijit; Renu, Kaviyarasi
    Cancer and related diseases are the second leading cause of death worldwide. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is an infectious agent that can be spread mainly through sexual contact and has been linked to several malignancies in both sexes. HPV is linked to almost all cases of cervical cancer. It is also linked to many head and neck cancer (HNC) cases, especially oropharyngeal cancer. Also, some HPV-related cancers, like vaginal, vulvar, penile, and anal cancers, are related to the anogenital area. Over the past few decades, testing for and preventing cervical cancer has improved, but anogenital cancers are still harder to confirm. HPV16 and HPV18 have been extensively researched due to their significant carcinogenic potential. The products of two early viral genes, E6 and E7, have been identified as playing crucial roles in cellular transformation, as emphasized by biological investigations. The complete characterization of numerous mechanisms employed by E6 and E7 in undermining the regulation of essential cellular processes has significantly contributed to our comprehension of HPV-induced cancer progression. This review focuses on the various types of cancers caused by HPV infection and also sheds light on the signaling cascades involved in the same. � 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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    Implications of vitamin D deficiency in systemic inflammation and cardiovascular health
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023-06-24T00:00:00) Dey, Sanjay Kumar; Kumar, Shashank; Rani, Diksha; Maurya, Shashank Kumar; Banerjee, Pratibha; Verma, Madhur; Senapati, Sabyasachi
    Clinical, epidemiological, and molecular studies have sufficiently highlighted the vitality of vitamin D [25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D] in human health and wellbeing. Globally, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) has become a public health concern among all age groups. There is a very high prevalence of VDD per the estimates from several epidemiological studies on different ethnic populations. But, population-specific scales do not support these estimates to define VDD clinically and consistent genetic associations. However, clinical studies have shown the relevance of serum vitamin D screening and oral supplementation in improving health conditions, pointing toward a more prominent role of vitamin D in health and wellness. Routinely, the serum concentration of vitamin D is measured to determine the deficiency and is correlated with physiological conditions and clinical symptoms. Recent research points toward a more inclusive role of vitamin D in different disease pathologies and is not just limited to otherwise bone health and overall growth. VDD contributes to the natural history of systemic ailments, including cardiovascular and systemic immune diseases. Considering its significant impact on premature morbidity and mortality, there is a compelling need to comprehensively review and document the direct and indirect implications of VDD in immune system deregulation, systemic inflammatory conditions, and cardio-metabolism. The recommendations from this review call for furthering our research concerning vitamin D and its direct and indirect implications. � 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.