School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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    Nano-biotechnology in tumour and cancerous disease: A�perspective review
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023-02-25T00:00:00) Soni, Ambikesh; Bhandari, Manohar Prasad; Tripathi, Gagan Kant; Bundela, Priyavand; Khiriya, Pradeep Kumar; Khare, Purnima Swarup; Kashyap, Manoj Kumar; Dey, Abhijit; Vellingiri, Balachandar; Sundaramurthy, Suresh; Suresh, Arisutha; P�rez�de�la�Lastra, Jos� M.
    In recent years, drug manufacturers and researchers have begun to consider the nanobiotechnology approach to improve the drug delivery system for tumour and cancer diseases. In this article, we review current strategies to improve tumour and cancer drug delivery, which mainly focuses on sustaining biocompatibility, biodistribution, and active targeting. The conventional therapy using cornerstone drugs such as fludarabine, cisplatin etoposide, and paclitaxel has its own challenges especially not being able to discriminate between tumour versus normal cells which eventually led to toxicity and side effects in the patients. In contrast to the conventional approach, nanoparticle-based drug delivery provides target-specific delivery and controlled release of the drug, which provides a better therapeutic window for treatment options by focusing on the eradication of diseased cells via active targeting and sparing normal cells via passive targeting. Additionally, treatment of tumours associated with the brain is hampered by the impermeability of the blood�brain barriers to the drugs, which eventually led to poor survival in the patients. Nanoparticle-based therapy offers superior delivery of drugs to the target by breaching the blood�brain barriers. Herein, we provide an overview of the properties of nanoparticles that are crucial for nanotechnology applications. We address the potential future applications of nanobiotechnology targeting specific or desired areas. In particular, the use of nanomaterials, biostructures, and drug delivery methods for the targeted treatment of tumours and cancer are explored. � 2023 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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    Recent Advancement of Polymersomes as Drug Delivery Carrier
    (Bentham Science Publishers, 2022-04-14T00:00:00) Singh, Kuldeep; Biharee, Avadh; Vyas, Amber; Thareja, Suresh; Jain, Akhlesh Kumar
    Background: Biomedical applications of polymersomes have been explored, including drug and gene delivery, insulin delivery, hemoglobin delivery, the delivery of anticancer agents, and various diagnostic purposes. Objectives: Polymersomes, which are self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymers, have received a lot of at-tention in drug delivery approaches. This review represents the methods of preparation of polymersomes, including thin-film rehydration, electroformation, double emulsion, gel-assisted rehydration, PAPYRUS method, and solvent injection methods, including various therapeutic applications of polymersomes. Methods: Data was searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct through searching of the following keywords: Polymersomes, methods of preparation, amphiphilic block copolymers, anticancer drug delivery Results: Polymersomes provide both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug delivery to a targeted site, increasing the formulation's stability and reducing the cytotoxic side effects of drugs. Conclusion: Polymersomes have the potential to be used in a variety of biological applications, including drug and gene delivery, insulin delivery, hemoglobin delivery, delivery of anticancer agents, as well as in various diagnostic purposes. Recently, polymersomes have been used more frequently because of their stability, reducing the encapsulated drug's leakage, site-specific drug delivery, and increasing the bioavailability of the drugs and different diagnostic purposes. The liposomes encapsulate only hydrophilic drugs, but polymersomes encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in their cores. � 2022 Bentham Science Publishers.
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    Nanosilica: Recent Progress in Synthesis, Functionalization, Biocompatibility, and Biomedical Applications
    (American Chemical Society, 2019) Singh P.; Srivastava S.; Singh S.K.
    Silica nanoparticles (Si-NPs) are widely explored in biomedical applications due to their high surface area, excellent biocompatibility, and tunable pore size. The silica surface can be readily functionalized for wide range of applications such as cellular imaging, biosensing, and targeted drug delivery. This comprehensive review discusses different synthesis methodologies of Si-NPs and their surface functionalization with various functional groups. Nanosilica functionalization methods are discussed in detail, emphasizing their suitability for targeted drug delivery, cancer therapy, bioimaging, and biosensing. The toxicity assessment of nanosilica is also critically reviewed to get a clear focus before employing them for nanomedicine.