School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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    Bacillus sp. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi consortia enhance wheat nutrient and yield in the second-year field trial: Superior performance in comparison with chemical fertilizers
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021-11-20T00:00:00) Yadav, Radheshyam; Ror, Pankaj; Beniwal, Rahul; Kumar, Sanjeev; Ramakrishna, Wusirika
    Aims: The aim of the study is to analyse the effect of microbial consortia for wheat biofortification, growth, yield and soil fertility as part of a 2-year field study and compare it with the use of chemical fertilizers. Methods and Results: A field trial (second year) was conducted with various combinations of plant growth�promoting bacteria (PGPB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) treatments, ranging from a single inoculant to multiple combinations. The microbial consortia used were Bacillus sp. and AMF based on first-year field trial results. The consortia based on native (CP4) and non-native (AHP3) PGPB (Bacillus sp.) and AMF performed better in terms of nutrients content in wheat grain tissue and yield-related traits compared with chemical fertilizer treated and untreated control. Dual treatment of PGPB (CP4+AHP3) combined with AMF resulted in a significant increase in antioxidants. The spatial colonization of AMF in roots indicated that both the isolates CP4 and AHP3 were able to enhance the AMF colonization in root tissue. Furthermore, soil enzymes� activities were higher with the PGPB and AMF combination giving the best results. A positive correlation was recorded between plant growth, grain yield and soil physicochemical parameters. Conclusions: Our findings confirm that the combined treatment of CP4 and AHP3 and AMF functions as an effective microbial consortium with excellent application prospects for wheat biofortification, grain yield and soil fertility compared with chemical fertilizers. Significance and Impact of Study: The extensive application of chemical fertilizers on low-yielding field sites is a severe concern for cereal crops, especially wheat in the Asian continent. This study serves as a primer for implementing site-specific sustainable agricultural-management practices using a green technology leading to significant gains in agriculture. � 2021 The Society for Applied Microbiology
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    Bacillus subtilis CP4, isolated from native soil in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promotes biofortification, yield and metabolite production in wheat under field conditions
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2020-12-03T00:00:00) Yadav, R.; Ror, P.; Rathore, P.; Kumar, S.; Ramakrishna, W.
    Aims: The aim of this study was to identify the best combination of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for biofortification and enhancing yield in wheat as well as improve soil health under field conditions. Another aim was to get insights into metabolite dynamics in plants treated with PGPB and AMF. Methods and Results: Different combinations of PGPB and AMF that gave good results in greenhouse study were used in a field study. The combined application of Bacillus subtilis CP4 (native PGPB) and AMF gave the best results with a significant increase in biomass, macronutrient and micronutrient content in wheat grains and improvement in yield-related parameters relative to the untreated control. PGPB and AMF treatment increased antioxidant enzymes and compounds and decreased the level of an oxidation marker. Metabolite profiling performed using Gas Chromatography�Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) showed significant upregulation of specific organic acids, amino acids, sugars and sugar alcohols in plants treated with CP4 and AMF. The altered pathways due to CP4 and AMF inoculation mainly belong to carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. A positive correlation was observed between some organic acids, sugars and amino acids with wheat growth and yield parameters. The activities of soil enzymes increased significantly with the best results shown by native PGPB and AMF combination. Conclusions: A native bacterial isolate Bacillus subtilis CP4 in combination with AMF showed exceptional ability for biofortification and yield enhancement under field conditions. The upregulation of a number of metabolites showed correlation plant growth promotion and nutrients. Significance and Impact of the Study: The combined application of native B. subtilis CP4 and AMF could offer a more sustainable approach for the development of a biofertilizer to enhance wheat nutrient content and production and soil health thereby advancing agriculture. � 2020 The Society for Applied Microbiology
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    Bacillus sp. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi consortia enhance wheat nutrient and yield in the second-year field trial: Superior performance in comparison with chemical fertilizers
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021-11-20T00:00:00) Yadav, Radheshyam; Ror, Pankaj; Beniwal, Rahul; Kumar, Sanjeev; Ramakrishna, Wusirika
    Aims: The aim of the study is to analyse the effect of microbial consortia for wheat biofortification, growth, yield and soil fertility as part of a 2-year field study and compare it with the use of chemical fertilizers. Methods and Results: A field trial (second year) was conducted with various combinations of plant growth�promoting bacteria (PGPB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) treatments, ranging from a single inoculant to multiple combinations. The microbial consortia used were Bacillus sp. and AMF based on first-year field trial results. The consortia based on native (CP4) and non-native (AHP3) PGPB (Bacillus sp.) and AMF performed better in terms of nutrients content in wheat grain tissue and yield-related traits compared with chemical fertilizer treated and untreated control. Dual treatment of PGPB (CP4+AHP3) combined with AMF resulted in a significant increase in antioxidants. The spatial colonization of AMF in roots indicated that both the isolates CP4 and AHP3 were able to enhance the AMF colonization in root tissue. Furthermore, soil enzymes� activities were higher with the PGPB and AMF combination giving the best results. A positive correlation was recorded between plant growth, grain yield and soil physicochemical parameters. Conclusions: Our findings confirm that the combined treatment of CP4 and AHP3 and AMF functions as an effective microbial consortium with excellent application prospects for wheat biofortification, grain yield and soil fertility compared with chemical fertilizers. Significance and Impact of Study: The extensive application of chemical fertilizers on low-yielding field sites is a severe concern for cereal crops, especially wheat in the Asian continent. This study serves as a primer for implementing site-specific sustainable agricultural-management practices using a green technology leading to significant gains in agriculture. � 2021 The Society for Applied Microbiology
  • No Thumbnail Available
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    Bacillus subtilis CP4, isolated from native soil in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promotes biofortification, yield and metabolite production in wheat under field conditions
    (John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2020-12-03T00:00:00) Yadav, R.; Ror, P.; Rathore, P.; Kumar, S.; Ramakrishna, W.
    Aims: The aim of this study was to identify the best combination of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for biofortification and enhancing yield in wheat as well as improve soil health under field conditions. Another aim was to get insights into metabolite dynamics in plants treated with PGPB and AMF. Methods and Results: Different combinations of PGPB and AMF that gave good results in greenhouse study were used in a field study. The combined application of Bacillus subtilis CP4 (native PGPB) and AMF gave the best results with a significant increase in biomass, macronutrient and micronutrient content in wheat grains and improvement in yield-related parameters relative to the untreated control. PGPB and AMF treatment increased antioxidant enzymes and compounds and decreased the level of an oxidation marker. Metabolite profiling performed using Gas Chromatography�Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) showed significant upregulation of specific organic acids, amino acids, sugars and sugar alcohols in plants treated with CP4 and AMF. The altered pathways due to CP4 and AMF inoculation mainly belong to carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. A positive correlation was observed between some organic acids, sugars and amino acids with wheat growth and yield parameters. The activities of soil enzymes increased significantly with the best results shown by native PGPB and AMF combination. Conclusions: A native bacterial isolate Bacillus subtilis CP4 in combination with AMF showed exceptional ability for biofortification and yield enhancement under field conditions. The upregulation of a number of metabolites showed correlation plant growth promotion and nutrients. Significance and Impact of the Study: The combined application of native B. subtilis CP4 and AMF could offer a more sustainable approach for the development of a biofertilizer to enhance wheat nutrient content and production and soil health thereby advancing agriculture. � 2020 The Society for Applied Microbiology