School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Antibiotic resistance

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    In silico evaluation of natural compounds to confirm their anti-DNA gyrase activity
    (Springer, 2023-06-03T00:00:00) Kumar, Reetesh; Srivastava, Yogesh; Maji, Somnath; Siddiqui, Seemab; Tyagi, Rajeev Kumar; Muthuramalingam, Pandiyan; Singh, Sunil Kumar; Tiwari, Savitri; Verma, Geetika; de Toledo Thomazella, Daniela Paula; Shin, Hyunsuk; Prajapati, Dinesh Kumar; Rai, Pankaj Kumar; Beura, Samir Kumar; Panigrahi, Abhishek Ramachandra; de Moraes, Fabio Rogerio; Rao, Pasupuleti Visweswara
    The slow clearance of bacteria owing to drug resistance to the currently available antibiotics has been a global public health issue. The development of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus has become prevalent in community-acquired infections, posing a significant challenge. DNA gyrase, an enzyme essential in all bacteria but absent in higher eukaryotes, emerges as an attractive target for novel antibacterial agents. This type II topoisomerase introduces negative supercoils in double-stranded DNA, at the expense of ATP, during DNA replication. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive screening of natural compound libraries from the ZINC database using different computational approaches targeting DNA gyrase activity. We identified five promising compounds following a detailed screening of drug-like compounds using pharmacokinetic-based studies, including the determination of the compound absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity. Furthermore, based on protein�ligand docking studies, we showed the position, orientation, and binding affinity of the selected compounds within the active site of DNA gyrase. Overall, our study provides a primary reference to explore the molecular mechanisms associated with the antibacterial activity of the selected compounds, representing an important step toward the discovery of novel DNA gyrase inhibitors. Further investigation involving structural optimization as well as comprehensive in vivo and in vitro evaluations are necessary to fully explore the potential of these chemicals as effective antibacterial agents. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. � 2023, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Archana Sharma Foundation of Calcutta.
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    Co-occurrence and patterns of phosphate solubilizing, salt and metal tolerant and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in diverse soils
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021-06-24T00:00:00) Rathore, Parikshita; Joy, Sherina Sara; Yadav, Radheshyam; Ramakrishna, Wusirika
    Soil is a treasure chest for beneficial bacteria with applications in diverse fields, which include agriculture, rhizoremediation, and medicine. Metagenomic analysis of four soil samples identified Proteobacteria as the dominant phylum (32�52%) followed by the phylum Acidobacteria (11�21% in three out of four soils). Bacteria that were prevalent at the highest level belong to the genus Kaistobacter (8�19%). PICRUSt analysis predicted KEGG functional pathways associated with the metagenomes of the four soils. The identified pathways could be attributed to metal tolerance, antibiotic resistance and plant growth promotion. The prevalence of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) was investigated in four soil samples, ranging from 26 to 59% of the total culturable bacteria. The abundance of salt-tolerant and metal-tolerant bacteria showed considerable variation ranging from 1 to 62% and 4�69%, respectively. In comparison, the soil with the maximum prevalence of temperature-tolerant and antibiotic-resistant bacteria was close 30%. In this study, the common pattern observed was that PSB were the most abundant in all types of soils compared to other traits. Conversely, most of the isolates, which are salt-tolerant, copper-tolerant, and ampicillin-resistant, showed phosphate solubilization activity. The sequencing of the partial 16S-rRNA gene revealed that PSB belonged to Bacillus genera. � 2021, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology.