School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Cr(VI)

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    Synergistic effect of pistachio shell powder and nano-zerovalent copper for chromium remediation from aqueous solution
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021-07-06T00:00:00) Kumar, Sandeep; Brar, Ravinderdeep Singh; Babu, J. Nagendra; Dahiya, Amarjeet; Saha, Sandip; Kumar, Avneesh
    Pistachio shell powder supported nano-zerovalent copper (ZVC@PS) material prepared by borohydride reduction was characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA/DTA, BET, and XPS. SEM, XRD, and XPS revealed the nano-zerovalent copper to consist of a core-shell structure with CuO shell and Cu(0) core with a particle size of 40�100 nm and spherical morphology aggregated on PS biomass. ZVC@PS was found to contain 39% (w/w %) Cu onto the pistachio shell biomass. Batch sorption of Cr(VI) from the aqueous using ZVC@PS was studied and was optimized for dose (0.1�0.5 g/L), initial Cr(VI) concentration(1�20 mg/L), and pH (2�12). Optimized conditions were 0.1 g/L doses of sorbent and pH=3 for Cr(VI) adsorption. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models fitted well to the adsorption behavior of ZVC@PS for Cr(VI) with a pseudo-second-order kinetic behavior. ZVC@PS (0.1g/L) exhibits qmax for Cr(VI) removal up to 110.9 mg/g. XPS and other spectroscopic evidence suggest the adsorption of Cr(VI) by pistachio shell powder, coupled with reductive conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by ZVC particles to produce a synergistic effect for the efficient remediation of Cr(VI) from aqueous medium. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] � 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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    A review of chromium (Cr) epigenetic toxicity and health hazards
    (Elsevier B.V., 2023-04-17T00:00:00) Iyer, Mahalaxmi; Anand, Uttpal; Thiruvenkataswamy, Saranya; Babu, Harysh Winster Suresh; Narayanasamy, Arul; Prajapati, Vijay Kumar; Tiwari, Chandan Kumar; Gopalakrishnan, Abilash Valsala; Bontempi, Elza; Sonne, Christian; Barcel�, Dami�; Vellingiri, Balachandar
    Carcinogenic metals affect a variety of cellular processes, causing oxidative stress and cancer. The widespread distribution of these metals caused by industrial, residential, agricultural, medical, and technical activities raises concern for adverse environmental and human health effects. Of these metals, chromium (Cr) and its derivatives, including Cr(VI)-induced, are of a public health concern as they cause DNA epigenetic alterations resulting in heritable changes in gene expression. Here, we review and discuss the role of Cr(VI) in epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, micro-RNA changes, biomarkers of exposure and toxicity, and highlight prevention and intervention strategies to protect susceptible populations from exposure and adverse occupational health effects. Cr(VI) is a ubiquitous toxin linked to cardiovascular, developmental, neurological, and endocrine diseases as well as immunologic disorders and a high number of cancer types in humans following inhalation and skin contact. Cr alters DNA methylation levels as well as global and gene-specific histone posttranslational modifications, emphasizing the importance of considering epigenetics as a possible mechanism underlying Cr(VI) toxicity and cell-transforming ability. Our review shows that determining the levels of Cr(VI) in occupational workers is a crucial first step in shielding health problems, including cancer and other disorders. More clinical and preventative measures are therefore needed to better understand the toxicity and safeguard employees against cancer. � 2023