School Of Basic And Applied Sciences

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    Unravelling cross priming induced heat stress, combinatorial heat and drought stress response in contrasting chickpea varieties
    (Elsevier Masson s.r.l., 2022-04-01T00:00:00) Yadav, Renu; Saini, Rashmi; Adhikary, Arindam; Kumar, Sanjeev
    Drought and high temperature stress affect chickpea growth and productivity. Often these stresses occur simultaneously in the field and lead to a wide range of molecular and metabolic adaptations. Two chickpea varieties; GPF2 (heat sensitive) and PDG4 variety (heat tolerant) were exposed to 35 �C for 24 h individually and along with drought stress. Five heat responsive signalling genes and 11 structural genes were analyzed using qPCR along with untargeted metabolites analysis using GC MS. Expression of antioxidant genes (CaSOD and CaGPX, CaAPX and CaCAT), transcription factors (CaHSFB2, CaHSFB2A, CaHSFB2B, CaHSP17.5 and CaHSP22.7) and signalling genes (CaCAM, CaGAD, and CaMAPK) were upregulated in GPF2 as compared to PDG4 variety. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least-square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and heat map analysis were applied to the metabolomics data to identify the differential response of metabolites in two chickpea varieties. GC-MS analysis identified 107 and 83 metabolites in PDG4 and GPF2 varieties respectively. PDG4 variety accumulated more sugars, amino acids, sugar alcohols, TCA cycle intermediates which provided heat resistance. Additionally, the differential metabolic pathways involved in heat tolerance were alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, pantothenate CoA biosynthesis, fructose and mannose metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway in PDG4 variety. There was less accumulation of metabolites in the primed plants of both varieties as compared to the non-primed plants indicating less damage due to heat stress. The present study gives an overview of the molecular changes occurring in response to heat stress in sensitive and tolerant chickpea. � 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS
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    Unravelling cross priming induced heat stress, combinatorial heat and drought stress response in contrasting chickpea varieties
    (Elsevier Masson s.r.l., 2022-04-01T00:00:00) Yadav, Renu; Saini, Rashmi; Adhikary, Arindam; Kumar, Sanjeev
    Drought and high temperature stress affect chickpea growth and productivity. Often these stresses occur simultaneously in the field and lead to a wide range of molecular and metabolic adaptations. Two chickpea varieties; GPF2 (heat sensitive) and PDG4 variety (heat tolerant) were exposed to 35 �C for 24 h individually and along with drought stress. Five heat responsive signalling genes and 11 structural genes were analyzed using qPCR along with untargeted metabolites analysis using GC MS. Expression of antioxidant genes (CaSOD and CaGPX, CaAPX and CaCAT), transcription factors (CaHSFB2, CaHSFB2A, CaHSFB2B, CaHSP17.5 and CaHSP22.7) and signalling genes (CaCAM, CaGAD, and CaMAPK) were upregulated in GPF2 as compared to PDG4 variety. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least-square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and heat map analysis were applied to the metabolomics data to identify the differential response of metabolites in two chickpea varieties. GC-MS analysis identified 107 and 83 metabolites in PDG4 and GPF2 varieties respectively. PDG4 variety accumulated more sugars, amino acids, sugar alcohols, TCA cycle intermediates which provided heat resistance. Additionally, the differential metabolic pathways involved in heat tolerance were alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, pantothenate CoA biosynthesis, fructose and mannose metabolism and pentose phosphate pathway in PDG4 variety. There was less accumulation of metabolites in the primed plants of both varieties as compared to the non-primed plants indicating less damage due to heat stress. The present study gives an overview of the molecular changes occurring in response to heat stress in sensitive and tolerant chickpea. � 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS
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    Antileukemic Activity of hsa-miR-203a-5p by Limiting Glutathione Metabolism in Imatinib-Resistant K562 Cells
    (MDPI, 2022-12-19T00:00:00) Singh, Priyanka; Yadav, Radheshyam; Verma, Malkhey; Chhabra, Ravindresh
    Imatinib has been the first and most successful tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but many patients develop resistance to it after a satisfactory response. Glutathione (GSH) metabolism is thought to be one of the factors causing the emergence of imatinib resistance. Since hsa-miR-203a-5p was found to downregulate Bcr-Abl1 oncogene and also a link between this oncogene and GSH metabolism is reported, the present study aimed to investigate whether hsa-miR-203a-5p could overcome imatinib resistance by targeting GSH metabolism in imatinib-resistant CML cells. After the development of imatinib-resistant K562 (IR-K562) cells by gradually exposing K562 (C) cells to increasing doses of imatinib, resistant cells were transfected with hsa-miR-203a-5p (R+203). Thereafter, cell lysates from various K562 cell sets (imatinib-sensitive, imatinib-resistant, and miR-transfected imatinib-resistant K562 cells) were used for GC-MS-based metabolic profiling. L-alanine, 5-oxoproline (also known as pyroglutamic acid), L-glutamic acid, glycine, and phosphoric acid (Pi)�five metabolites from our data, matched with the enumerated 28 metabolites of the MetaboAnalyst 5.0 for the GSH metabolism. All of these metabolites were present in higher concentrations in IR-K562 cells, but intriguingly, they were all reduced in R+203 and equated to imatinib-sensitive K562 cells (C). Concludingly, the identified metabolites associated with GSH metabolism could be used as diagnostic markers. � 2022 by the authors.
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    Pharmacological potential of serially extracted Solanum xanthocarpum fruit extracts and their phytochemical characterization
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2022-05-23T00:00:00) Kumar, Shashank; Pandey, Abhay K.
    Pharmacological potential of serially extracted Solanum xanthocarpum fruit (SXF) extracts in terms of antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities was evaluated. Chemical characterization of the potent extract was done by HPLC, LC-MS-MS, and GC-MS techniques. In vitro antioxidant models, viz. hydroxyl radical scavenging, metal ion chelation, total antioxidant capacity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power, were used to assess the antioxidant potential of extract. Cytotoxicity of the SXF extracts was tested against prostate, ovary, and breast cancer cell lines (DU-145, IGR-OV-1, and MCF-7) using sulforhodamine (SRB) assay. The antibacterial potential was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia coli bacteria. Results indicated potential pharmacological activities and the presence of pharmacologically active phytoconstituents in the SKF extracts. � 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Identification Of Ganoderic Acids And Derivatives From Fruiting Bodies Of Ganoderma Lucidum
    (Central University of Punjab, 2018) Pradhan, Agrah; Kumar,Sanjeev
    Ganoderic acids and other bioactive triterpene metabolites from crude extract of wood decaying fungus Ganoderma lucidum from two different hosts Acacia and Azadirachta were to be isolated as proposed. The method for extraction was simple and divided into three parts, 1. Solvent selection, 2. Dissolving metabolites into solvent for maximization of number of detected metabolites, 3. Extraction of metabolites from solvent. A variety of methods for maximizing dissolution in solvent based on pharmaceutical extraction protocols were employed. Sonication was chosen as the best method with detection of 5 distinct spots (metabolites) from TLC. Ethanol based sample extracts were packed inside silica gel column while using chloroform as the mobile phases in column chromatography. Some metabolites were isolated and confirmed by TLC. Due to time bound project work the further isolation was paused and the crude extracts were forwarded for GC-MS detection and analysis of constituent metabolites. After preparation of sample and analysis in gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), 16 metabolites were found in chloroform extract of ganoderma having azadirachta as host and 24 metabolites were found from acacia host associated fungal crude extract. The detected metabolites were alkaloids, phenols, fatty acids (and precursors), esters, di-ene compounds and sterols (terpenes).Terpenes (C28-Phytosterols) were found with molecular weight 396-398. 7,22-Ergostadienol with area 2.91% and 1.19% is found in Acacia and Azadirachta samples. Moreover another metabolite 7,22- Ergostadienone with area 0.61% is also found in Acacia (Host) sample this metabolite has various bio-active properties like anti-inflamatory and cytotoxic properties. These are derivatives of the ergosterols found in fungal body. These structures are products of lanosterol, (squalene derived products) they have many anthropocentric exploitive uses and they resemble the metabolite backbone (derivatives) we were initially looking for.
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    Production and Optimization of Lovastatin by Microbial Fermentation using Aspergillus terreus
    (Central University of Punjab, 2018) Raj, Rohit; Verma, Malkhey
    In the recent times, the fungus Aspergillus (A.) terreus has been highly popularized regarding its domination for the production of the "crackerjack" drugs known as statins, particularly lovastatin. The aim of this research was the production of lovastatin which is a known cholesterol-lowering drug, through microbial fermentation using A. terreus. Besides, it also aimed to analyze certain bioactive chemical products and evaluation of such antibacterial and antifungal products, if any produced. Bioactives (chemical compounds often referred as secondary metabolites) were analyzed using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy technique (GC-MS) technique. A. terreus is known to produce a vast variety of important secondary metabolites with high biological activities. The extraction of the natural statins such as lovastatin or mevastatin from A. terreus is seen as one of the major breakthrough in the field of Industrial Microbiology/Fermentation Technology. Here we report the Aspergillus terreus NBRC (IFO) 31217 (Strain I) and ATCC 11877 (Strain II) don't produce lovastatin but they produce important bioactive compounds of high commercial value like Isovaline (C5H11NO2) and Silane etc.